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Executives of China's major edible oil manufacturers and guild leaders were summoned to Beijing on Monday for a closed door meeting at which the government required them to step up production to rein in the soaring market prices.An official with the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) who asked not to be identified said it was understandable for the edible oil processing firms to raise prices as the continuous rise in the cost of raw materials had increased their production costs.However, the public had responded strongly to the price hikes of edible oils, coming as they did with rapid rises in the prices of other goods, the official said.Edible oil makers were told to "deepen their sense of social responsibility" and "bear the overall interests of the country in mind".Incomplete statistics from various regions show prices of domestic edible oils rose by 20 percent from November last year to June as the prices of peanuts and other oil-bearing products had risen.In eastern Shandong Province, first grade peanut oil has risen by 28.6 percent from 14,000 yuan per ton in April to a record 18,000 yuan per ton. While supermarkets marked down cooking oils to boost sales, people were reportedly standing in long queues. On Oct. 26 in Shanghai, 15 shoppers were injured after people swarmed in a local supermarket to snap up edible oils on sale only five minutes after the store opened.But the latest weekly market monitoring report by the Ministry of Commerce showed the prices of cooking oils fluctuated only slightly from Oct. 22 to 28, with the prices of peanut oil edging up 0.1 percent from a week earlier, while rapeseed oil was down 0.1 percent, and soybean and blended oils were basically the same.Wang Hanzhong, director of the Oil Crop Institution of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, attributed the price hikes to a shortfall of oil crop output as the acreage under oil crops had dwindled drastically. Major oil crop producer Hubei Province, for example, had found the acreage under rapeseed shrank from 18 million mu to 15 million mu last year. The situations in Sichuan, Anhui and Jiangsu were even worse.Soaring domestic demand that registered an annual average growth of 8.95 percent from 14.54 million tons in 2001 to 22.35 million tons in 2006, had aggravated the problem, turning China into the world's largest edible oil consumer. Domestic edible oil supply met just 40 percent of domestic demand.In a statement after the meeting, the NDRC spelled out five requests including the supply of more small-package oil to meet market demand.Oil processors were not allowed to disturb market order or stoke up fears for price hikes by hoarding raw materials, rigging raw material supply, cutting production or restricting supply.Price hikes must be kept within reasonable margins and be made when absolutely necessary, it said, adding that oil processors must enhance cost controls, improve management and absorb the costs from raw materials as much as possible.The NDRC also warned large cooking oil makers not to collude in setting prices or provide short measures or shoddy products.Under current price conditions, enterprises should transfer part of their interests to the people and cherish their public reputation, it said.Industrial associations were required to provide guidance to firms, make sure they abide by laws and regulations, admonish enterprises in cases of unfair competition, and keep market supervisors informed of the malpractice.If the price hikes exceeded the extra production costs, market supervisors would step in, it warned.Without identifying the participating cooking oil makers, the statement said that representatives from business communities had promised to maintain market order with their actions and contribute to the stabilization of market prices.China's consumer price index, a key measure of inflation, rose by 6.2 percent in September after hitting an 11-year high of 6.5 percent in August, while food prices jumped by 16.9 percent from January to September over the same period of last year, figures from the National Bureau of Statistics showed.The Ministry of Agriculture released 11 measures in late September, including rewards to major oil crop planting counties as well as total subsidies of 300 million yuan for soybean cultivation and assistance of one billion yuan for rapeseed cultivation.The import duty on soy beans was also cut from three percent to one percent. The State Grain Administration released 200,000 tons of state edible oil reserve to meet rising demand prior to the the National Day holiday that fell on October 1.

The Employment Promotion Law is being revised to provide a firmer legal footing for efforts to combat the discrimination that Hepatitis B virus carriers have encountered while looking for work, a senior official said. If the revised law is passed, Hepatitis B carriers will have the tools they need to guard their right to secure fair employment and to have discriminating employers punished. Liu Danhua, deputy director of the Labor and Social Security Ministry's training and employment department, said the drafters planned to write a chapter called "fair employment" and to add an article that bans employers from refusing to hire applicants because they carry infectious viruses. She made the remarks during an online interview on www.gov.cn on Friday. At least 15,000 people participated in the online chat and left more than 600 messages for the official. Many spoke about their experiences of being rejected by employers because they are Hepatitis B virus carriers. They applauded the document released by the Labor and Social Security Ministry and the Ministry of Health in May, which called for the protection of virus carriers' employment rights. Still, some were disappointed that some employers seemed not to have heeded the call. According to the document, except for those industries barred to Hepatitis carriers because of the possibility they might spread the virus, such as food processing, employers are not to make Hepatitis screening a mandatory part of physical checkups. Medical organizations have been asked to protect carriers' privacy. But in many cities checks for theHepatitis B virus are more or less obligatory before securing employment. A college graduate from Changsha, Hubei Province, using the Web alias "jiushi3953", said he had been rejected three times by companies because he has Hepatitis B. He was worried he would never get a good job. "Almost every company in Shenzhen demands a Hepatitis virus check Please give me a chance to survive," he said. Hao Yang, deputy director of the Ministry of Health's disease control and prevention bureau, said discrimination was rooted in people's misconceptions about Hepatitis B. Many people and even some doctors think Hepatitis B virus can be transmitted while dining together or touching. Hao said this is wrong. The country is home to about 120 million chronic carriers of the Hepatitis B virus, which may lead to chronic inflammation of the liver. Carriers do not suffer, and do not pose a threat to other people.

A brand-new labor contract law comes into force from the New Year's Day that is expected to markedly propel rights for billions of Chinese workers."The government that is making the most concerted effort to protect workers rights is China," said Auret van Heerden, Geneva-based head of Fair Labor Association, which monitors work conditions in 60 countries.That "goes against the conventional wisdom that China is leading the race to the bottom," the Bloomberg News quoted Heerden as saying on Tuesday.The Labor Contract Law aims to improve job security for workers, making open-ended terms of employment for those employees who have completed two fixed terms with the same employer. The legislation limits overtime, sets minimum wages and guarantees one month's pay for each year worked for sacked employees. It is the first time that China's top legislature, the National People's Congress Standing Committee, has ruled on open-ended work contracts and severance pay for fired workers.The new law will make it more difficult for companies to hire temporary workers, a practice favored by exporters to cope with fluctuations in orders.One side-effect of the legislation will be higher labor costs for all employers in China. It is estimated that some labor-intensive businesses will have to raise their selling prices, or move to other places with lower cost.Olympus Corp., the world's No.4 digital camera maker, and Yue Yuen Industrial (Holdings) Ltd., the biggest maker of shoes for brands such as Nike Inc., are among companies shifting some production to Vietnam to cut costs.According to Chinese press reports, some companies have been terminating contracts and asking employees to resign ahead of the introduction of the law.Huawei Technologies Co., China's largest maker of telecommunications equipment, offered 7,000 workers new contracts with benefits if they terminated their old agreements, spokesman Ross Gan said.Some employees accepted, while others chose not to sign and left, he said, without providing details. The move wasn't aimed at evading legislation, Gan said in an email to the Bloomberg News.

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BEIJING -- For the first time in its history, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has mentioned the word "religion" in an amendment to its Constitution adopted on Sunday at the closing session of the 17th CPC National Congress.To incorporate into its Constitution the principles and policies the Party has formulated for guiding efforts to strengthen the work related to ethnic and religious affairs, among others, is conducive to their full implementation and getting better results in the Party's work in this area, said a resolution on the amendment to the Constitution.It said the insertion has been made in light of the new circumstances and tasks.The CPC is atheistic but allows freedom of religious beliefs. China is home to 100 million religious faithful, largely Buddhists, Taoists, Christians, Catholics and Islamites"The Party's secret in handling well China's religious issues lies in its principles and policies," said Ye Xiaowen, director of the State Administration of Religious Affairs. "Their insertion in the Party Constitution shows the Party is sincere, and capable, of its implementation of policies on the freedom of religious beliefs. "He said religious problems are reported in many parts of the world. "But in China we enjoy peace and quiet because we have the established policies and principles."With the new elaboration on religious work, Ye said the Party is determined to enhance the active role of the religious circle and faithful in boosting social and economic development."I learned of the amendment on the Internet and was inspired," said Living Buddha Dainzin Qoizha in the Shannan Prefecture of southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region. He's been watching the week-long Party congress on the Internet.Dainzin Qoizha is a government employee in Shannan. More than half of his colleagues are CPC members."I'm on very good terms with them," he said. "As a non- Communist, I'm in charge of ethnic and religious work. The prefecture's Party committee is very supportive."Hao Peng, vice Party chief in Tibet, described the relations between the Party and the religious faithful as "united, cooperative and mutual respectful".Tibet currently has more than 1,700 religious sites, 46,000 monks and nuns and more than 30 living Buddhas whose reincarnation has been recognized by the central or regional governments.At least 600 Tibetan Buddhist faithful are working at local legislatures, political advisory bodies, administrations of religious affairs and state-owned businesses and institutions.The CPC's tenet of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, featuring prosperity, democracy, cultural advancement and harmony, reflect the common aspirations of Tibet's religious faithful, said Zhukang Tubdankezhub, president of the Tibetan branch of the Buddhist Association of China.As the host country of the 2008 Summer Olympic Games, China has pledged to offer religious services for foreigners arriving for the Games."A large number of religious faithful will be arriving for the Games," Ye Xiaowen told reporters at a news conference on the sidelines of the 17th Party congress.He said China is working on religious facilities at its Olympic venues with the help of the International Olympic Committee and referring to the practices at previous Games. "Our religious services will be up to previous standards."Ye also dismissed allegations that China restricted the printing and sale of Bibles, which he said receive state subsidies and other preferential policies.China, with 16 million Protestant Christians, has printed 42 million Bibles, he said. 

KUNMING - Altogether 248 students fell sick after eating a school lunch including kidney beans in Southwest China's Yunnan Province on Thursday, local authorities confirmed early on Friday.Investigators suspected the beans were undercooked.The students, from Zhuyuanzhen Township High School in Fuyuan County, complained of vomiting and nausea late Thursday afternoon and were put under medical observation at night, a spokesman with the Fuyuan County government said.By 8:00 am on Friday, about 170 students were still under observation at four local hospitals.Hospital sources said none of the cases was critical.Kidney beans contain lectin, a toxic agent that can cause diarrhea if the beans aren't heated thoroughly, according to health officials.

BEIJING -- Thirty-one provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities on the Chinese mainland had reshuffled local Party committees through internal elections for Party officials within a year ending last June.Moreover, 408 cities, 2,763 counties and 34,976 townships have elected new Party committee leadership from early 2006 to April this year, the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee said here Thursday.This has made good preparation for the upcoming 17th CPC National Congress.The positions in the new Party committees at the provincial, regional and municipal levels were reduced by 21 compared with previous ones. The positions were cut by 149 at the city level, by 859  at the county level, and by 34,368 at the township level.Meanwhile, the local Party leaders are younger and well educated, particularly at the provincial level. The age of leaders in CPC provincial committees average 52.9 years old, half a year younger than their predecessors, and 91.6 percent of them received college education, 14 percentage points higher than before.The CPC Central Committee has taken a series of measures to make the election in local Party leadership fair and clean, the department said.In 296 townships of 16 provincial-level regions across China, leaders of Party committees were directly voted by CPC members as pilot projects.The ratio between the candidates and the elected officials reached 100:89 in the election at the provincial level and 100:88 to 100:85 at the county-level.The candidates also received strict scrutiny from the Party discipline departments to ensure they are clean from corruption or scandals.A hot line was set to receive tip-off about malpractice and corrupt candidates during the local Party leadership reshuffle.Thus far, 260 officials have been punished for malpractice.

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Washington - China is on course to catch up with the United States and join the front ranks of world economic powers, but that is little cause for concern even among Americans, a global survey said Monday. Most respondents in 13 countries agreed it was "likely that someday China's economy will grow to be as large as the US economy," according to the opinion poll by the Chicago Council on Global Affairs and WorldPublicOpinion.org. "What is particularly striking is that despite the tectonic significance of China catching up with the US, overall the world public's response is low key -- almost philosophical," said Steven Kull, editor of WorldPublicOpinion.org. But the poll showed there is also distrust of China to "act responsibly" in world affairs.  In no country was there a majority who felt that China's economic rise would be mostly negative, but that was not because China is particularly trusted, the pollsters said. Majorities in 10 out of 15 countries said they did not trust China "to act responsibly in the world." But the same number also said they distrusted the United States. "Though people are not threatened by the rise of China, they do not appear to be assuming that it will be a new benign world leader," Kull said. "They seem to have a clear-eyed view that China is largely acting on its own interests." The Chinese themselves are among the more skeptical populations, with only half saying that their economy will catch up with the United States'. Among Americans, the percentage was 60 percent. Only in India and the Philippines did a plurality of respondents say the United States would always remain a bigger economy than China. The highest level of concern about the implications of China's economic march was in the United States, where one in three is worried. But 54 percent of Americans said that its rise would be "neither positive nor negative" while one in 10 said it would be mostly positive. Only in Iran did a majority -- 60 percent -- say that it would be "mostly positive for China to catch up." The survey included 18 countries: Australia, Argentina, Armenia, China, France, India, Iran, Israel, Mexico, Peru, the Philippines, Poland, Russia, South Korea, Thailand, Ukraine, and the United States, plus the Palestinian territories. Not every question of the poll was asked in each country, so that the results for some questions covered less than 18 countries.

BEIJING -- As the world marked International Human Rights Day on Monday, a Chinese expert in the field has documented his country's work in the area through a new article chronicling achievements that have been made over the past five years.Dong Yunhu, vice president of the China Society for Human Rights Studies, the largest nongovernmental organization in the human rights field in China, listed in his article some major facts outlining the fruits that have been reaped.In the newly-amended constitution of the Communist Party of China (CPC) adopted at October's 17th Party Congress, one of the landmark changes was that in the paragraph of "promoting socialist democracy", it said the Party "respects and safeguards human rights".It was the first time the CPC considered the development of human rights as an important aspect of national development.In November 1991, the Information Office under the State Council published its first-ever white paper entitled "Human Rights in China", stressing that full access of human rights was socialist China's "sublime goal".In March 2004, parliament adopted an amendment to the constitution that inserted the clause declaring "the state respects and safeguards human rights", putting human rights protection under the legal umbrella of the state.In March 2006, China for the first time wrote "human rights protection" in the country's national economic and social development plan as a part of the modernization drive.In his article Dong wrote: "Over the past five years, the most prominent progress in China's human rights protection is the 'mainstreamlization' and entry of human rights into the country's political life."The public's right to know, right to supervise has been constantly expanded. How state organs operate, how legislators work becomes increasingly transparent, Dong said.He pointed out that as a developing country with 1.3 billion population, China was still confined by historic, economic and social conditions. It had met many obstacles in the development of human rights."The economic, social and legal systems in China are far from mature and unbalanced development occurs between the rural and urban areas and among different regions," Dong said. He noted that "thorny issues in such aspects as employment, social security, income distribution, education, medicine, housing and safe production, had all effected public interests.However, he was confident that "human rights conditions in China would gradually improve along with the modernization process" as long as the country "unswervingly implements human rights protection principles and actively promotes democratic and legal construction".