6月国际禁毒日

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BEIJING, April 21 (Xinhua) -- A senior Chinese official Tuesday called for steady, active efforts to build a just, efficient and authoritative socialist judicial system.     Zhou Yongkang, member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, made the comment when presiding over a meeting here on judicial reform and work.     He called for intensified efforts to implement the decisions of the CPC Central Committee, get an accurate understanding of the right direction of reform, and carry out research and analysis.     Deepening judicial reform serves the urgent needs to consolidate state power, carry out the basic policy of governing the country by law, and to ensure social fairness and justice, according to Zhou, who is also the secretary of the CPC Central Political and Legislative Affairs Committee.     Judicial reform matters China's long-term stability, social harmony and stability, as well as direct interests of the public and the development and progress of the country's political and legislative work, he stressed.     Reform should reflect opinions and suggestions from all social strata and be in line with national conditions and public opinions, he said.     He also called for efforts to gather the strength and pool the wisdom of the masses in the reform process and ensure reform had practical effects.

BEIJING, May 1 (Xinhua) -- On the occasion of the International Labor Day on Friday, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao visited workers at a metro construction site in Beijing, extending festival greetings and encouraging them to "strengthen confidence to overcome difficulties brought about by the financial crisis and the influenza epidemic."     Wen told the workers that this year is a very difficult one for China as the country is hit hard by a global financial crisis. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (2nd L) talks with workers as he visits a construction site of Beijing subway in Beijing, capital of China, May 1, 2009. Wen expressed his best regards to the workers here.He added the recent outbreak of H1N1 influenza epidemic (swine flu) in some countries has affected China's economic and social development.     The premier said any difficulty can be overcome as long as people have firm confidence and there is strong leadership of the Chinese Communist Party and the government. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (2nd R) trims vegetables with a canteen worker as he visits a construction site of Beijing subway in Beijing, capital of China, May 1, 2009. Wen expressed his best regards to the workers hereArriving at the construction site of the metro route No.9 along the capital's southern fourth-ring road, Wen wished workers festival happiness and encouraged them to "care and help each other like brothers." Part of the north-south metro line is due to open within this year.     "How long have you been in Beijing?" Wen asked one of the migrant workers.     "Ten years," the worker replied.     "Then you've already a Beijinger," Wen said.     While visiting the construction site, Wen asked detailed questions about the metro construction progress.     "Have your family come to Beijing for the festival?" the premier asked a worker Hui Youquan who was busy setting up a reinforcing steel and spar frame on top of the metro station.     Hui said his family is still at hometown.     Wen told the workers Beijing citizens would be grateful to them for the comfortable subway. He also worked with workers on the spar frame.     He said migrant workers have made great contribution to the country's industrialization and urbanization.     "You have already become a main force of China's working class," Wen said, extending his "gratitude and respect."     The premier said the Party and government have adopted a series of measures to improve migrant workers' working and living conditions, including strengthening their training, establishing a comprehensive social security system and paying great attention to their work safety.     A comprehensive mechanism covering work injury, medical care and pension are being established, he said, adding that safety monitoring devices have been installed on construction sites.     While helping some female workers to trim vegetables, Wen inquired about their working and living conditions.     Entering a canteen, he asked chefs to pay attention to food hygiene and ensure workers to have tasty meals.     Wen felt satisfied when he learned that workers could watch television, read newspapers and magazines and even practise handwriting in their spare time

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BEIJING, May 17 (Xinhua) -- Chinese military authorities pledged Sunday to tighten supervision on senior and middle ranking officers, through strict punishment in cases of breach of duty and regular inspection of their work.     The military will adopt a strict system to investigate and punish senior officers for breaching duty or making mistakes, said a circular issued by the Central Military Commission (CMC) on Sunday.     The document, approved by CMC Chairman Hu Jintao, said it will also introduce a system of accountability by regular inspection on the work of officers at army corps level.     Military units higher than regiment level of the People's Liberation Army must review the work of their commanding officers at least once a year, it added.     Commanding officers from regiment to army corps levels are usually regarded as middle and senior ranking PLA officers.     It will tighten inspection on senior officers to see whether they strictly follow the military disciplines and show loyalty to the Communist Party of China.     The circular called on the officers to keep a communist nature. "In the face of a complicated ideological situation, senior military officers must stick to their faith and keep a firm political stance," it said.     They should devote themselves to building up the country's military capacity to win local wars in the information age, it said.     The document said that the supervision and inspection will focus on any examples of extravagance and waste by military officers.

UNITED NATIONS, June 15 (Xinhua) -- China on Monday called for the peaceful resolution of the Iranian nuclear issue through diplomatic negotiations.     La Yifan, minister-counselor of China's Permanent Mission to the UN, told a Security Council meeting that China has always called for resolving the Iranian nuclear issue through diplomatic negotiations in a peaceful manner.     "China always believes that resolving this issue through diplomatic means is in the interest of peace and security in the Middle East and is in the common interest of the international community," he said.     La said China is ready to continue to play a constructive role in this regard.     At present, "rare opportunities" exist with regard to the restart of the negotiations with Iran over the nuclear issue, he said.     La called on Iran to strengthen its cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to resolve outstanding issues as early as possible.     He also urged the international community to seize the opportunity to intensify diplomatic efforts so as to ensure an early start of the negotiations.

BEIJING, May 3 (Xinhua) -- Decoupling from the world, and the economic downturn much of it is experiencing, has proven impossible for China. But its resilience is receiving more recognition, with many leading financial institutions upgrading their 2009 growth forecasts since mid-April.     The adjustments for gross domestic product (GDP) growth, ranging from 0.5 to 2.3 percentage points, were based on signs of a turnaround in the first quarter. These indicators included stronger-than-expected real GDP growth, recovering property investment, a pick-up in power consumption and a surge in bank lending.     Merrill Lynch & Co. said it expected China's GDP to grow 7.2 percent in the second quarter and 8 percent this year, while Goldman Sachs raised its projection from 6 percent to 8.3 percent, the most optimistic forecast so far. Other forecasts include UBS, which raised its estimate by 0.5 point to 7 percent and CLSA Asia-Pacific, which lifted its outlook by 1.5 point to 7 percent.     China's policymakers can take heart from these forecasts. Every upward revision, big or small, given the global economic slowdown, might point to a better chance for the nation to achieve its 8-percent growth target. That level of growth is considered necessary to raise living standards while maintaining social stability.     But there's still the question of whether rapid growth is sustainable. Some analysts believe it isn't unless China can rebalance its economy and achieve higher efficiency, lower environmental costs and a more reasonable balance among investment, trade and consumption.     QUANTITY OR QUALITY?     In an interview with Xinhua, Stephen Roach, chairman of Morgan Stanley Asia, urged Chinese authorities to get more serious about stimulating private consumption because the global economy remains "pretty weak" and might only achieve a weak recovery.     "China has responded to the crisis the way it has always responded to global problems. That is, using proactive fiscal stimulus mainly in the infrastructure area to provide temporary support in the downturn until the global economy comes back. It worked in the 1997 Asian financial crisis and the 2000-2001 mild recession. But this is a different sort of problem," said Roach.     "Once the stimulus wears off and if there is no follow-through, the Chinese economy will weaken again. I don't think exports will recover in the weak global economy."     Domestic economists voice similar worries, saying that the speed of growth doesn't matter as much as the quality. Liu Shangxi, deputy dean of the Research Institute for Fiscal Science at the Ministry of Finance, said that the 6.1-percent year-on-year growth in the first quarter had been "fairly good" for China. But, he said, "sometimes, it's worth slowing down a bit to have the economy move more stably."     Wang Xiaoguang, an economist with the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), the chief planning agency. said that the government's annual growth target had become mostly symbolic.     For five years in a row, the target was 8 percent, and for five years in a row, the growth rate overshot the target. Wang said the government had faced a dilemma: a cut in the target might undermine public confidence while a rise might tempt local governments to over-invest to meet a high growth target.     The turnaround signs mostly reflected the impact of the 4-trillion-yuan (586 billion U.S. dollars) stimulus package. Meanwhile, retail sales still trailed investment in contributing to growth. Local economists warned that the economy remained unbalanced and vulnerable.     "Historical records show that adjustments in the Chinese economy would take two to three years, on average. Seven months have passed since the impact of the global financial crisis began to tell on the local economy.     "With a turnaround in sight, recovery might come earlier than expected but there are still risks of a further slowdown," Chen Dongqi, deputy chief of the Macro-Economic Research Institute under the NDRC, told a business development forum in Guangdong in late April.     BUYING CURE     It's widely accepted among economists that China should boost domestic private consumption by leading individuals to buy more and save less. The key question is: how?     "Two big programs" Roach advocates call for doubling the investment in social security immediately to 150 billion U.S. dollars and establishing a goal of raising consumption as a share of the economy from 36 percent to 50 percent within five years.     "What I think is missing here is the social safety net, social security pension and unemployment insurance. Because of the absence of the safety net, China has seen a high level of precautionary saving," he said.     Roach suggested that China develop a private pension system in particular so total employee compensation could rise in tandem with productivity. "Chinese companies need to partner with their workers and provide medical care [and] retirement investing for their workforce. Chinese workers' total pay package should have both wages and benefits," he said.     Liu agreed that the primary task in expanding consumption was to raise incomes. "Securing the legitimate interests of workers is particularly significant when the economy slumps. It would be like drinking poison to quench one's thirst if businesses sought to expand corporate earnings at the cost of workers' pay and benefits," he said.     Low labor costs and massive capacity have propped up China's prosperity over the past decades. But the proportion of wages to national income has been on a long decline since the 1990s.     Between 2002 and 2006 alone, economists estimate the figure dropped from 62.1 percent to 57.1 percent. Meanwhile, the contribution of consumption to GDP growth fell from 43.6 percent to 38.9 percent.     "A more meaningful index to judge the sustainability of China's economic growth would be the proportion of wages to national income," Liu said. "If this ratio did not rise, people would remain poor, and thus expanding consumption would be empty talk."     Chinese are far from wealthy. Only 4 percent of the workforce, and just 10 percent of the urban workforce, earn more than 2,000 yuan a month, the threshold for individual income tax.     As Chinese residents hold 2.43 trillion yuan in aggregate deposits, economists say one immediate way to boost consumption would be to stabilize spending on staple property -- including housing and automobiles -- and support tourism and cultural activities.     "People spend much of their money on housing and food. The government should encourage people to entertain themselves more," Wang said.     CHINA 'NO LOCOMOTIVE'     Although China might be the first major economy to recover from the downturn, economists disagree on when China will return to sustained high growth.     Morgan Stanley, for example, has forecast a firm recovery by mid-year, but said sustainable growth through 2010 would still hinge on what happens in other countries.     "China will be stronger. But will that strength be enough to allow others to follow in its footsteps? I don't think so," said Roach.     "Most of China's resilience comes from infrastructure building, roads, property consumption ... [this] won't have an impact on the United States and Europe. This resilience is only temporary while its stimulus is local rather than global."     Central bank governor Zhou Xiaochuan also warned in late April during World Bank-IMF meetings in Washington that the rebound in China's economy had to be consolidated. He said conditions in China would permit rapid economic development again, once macroeconomic policies such as the stimulus plan took effect.     Challenging internal and external conditions, he said, included continuously shrinking external demand, a relatively large decline in exports, overcapacity in some industries, falling government revenue and lingering employment pressure.     As China emerges from the shadow of the downturn, together with many of its Western partners, the world is closely watching the socialist market economy that it is still trying to develop.     It was interesting to see that there was much "the ideologically-constrained West" could learn from China, just as there was much China could learn from the West, said Roach.     "China has gone slow in many areas, especially in the opening up of its financial market. But China made the right choice," he said.     "Focusing on stability is a huge plus for China. But the nation must be vigilant in its financial policies, especially monetary and regulatory policies, and not allow asset bubbles and financial innovations it doesn't understand," said Roach.

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URUMQI, July 12 (Xinhua) -- The violence-torn Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is plodding on the road to recovery amid vigilance one week after the violence in its capital city of Urumqi that left 184 people dead and 1,680 injured.     Police with riot gears were inspecting checkpoints, combing coaches for runaway suspects involved in the deadly violence.     Zhou Yongkang, member of the Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Political Bureau, said in his tour to the autonomous region on Sunday that to maintain social stability is the top concern of the livelihood of the people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang for the time being.     The regional government chairman Nur Berkri said in a televised speech Sunday afternoon that the number of people injured in violence on July 5 had risen to 1,680.     Altogether 216 of the 939 hospitalized are seriously injured and 74 injured fatally, he said.     An oil tank explosion occurred at a chemical plant in Urumqi Sunday morning. Police ruled out the possibility of intentional sabotage after on-the-spot investigation but said the reason of the explosion needs further investigation.     At the suburb of Aksu City, people who flocked into the Uygur bazaar, Toksun, as the local residents called it, said they had felt something different.     "There are much fewer people compared with what it was before the violence," said Tunxunjiang Tuohuniyazi, a local Uygur who were visiting the bazaar with his wife.     "On my way here, I saw a lot of policemen," he said. "But I understand it. The heavy security helps ensure our safety."     The bazaar, which boasts 3,000 stands, only saw a little more than 500 of them in business on Sunday.     Tuniyazi Yiming, a vender busy baking dumplings, said his turnover halved with number of the bazaar visitors on such a sharp decline.     The same bleak business picture could be seen in the border city of Kashgar in southern Xinjiang, where markets and bazaars reported only a few visitors.     Also hurt is the the region's tourism. Sources with the Urumqi Municipal government told Xinhua that because of the riot, 1,184 tour groups had cancelled their plans to visit the city as of Sunday.     They involved 74,218 travelers, including 10,731 tourists from overseas.     Railway authorities said Sunday that situation in the Urumqi's train terminal is normal.     The passenger volume was reported at 21,000 persons at the station on Sunday, 4,000 fewer than Saturday.     "There are no so-called 'waves of refugees' and ticket scalpers reported by some overseas journalists in the train terminal," said Chen Kai, vice chief of the South Train Station of Urumqi.     In Urumqi, thousands of youngsters have expressed their willingness to serve the city by signing up to be volunteers.     "Two days after the hotline was launched, we have received more than 1,600 calls," said Yu Yinglong, head of the Volunteer Association in Urumqi. "They volunteered to serve in hospitals and to give psychological help to those who were traumatized in the violence."     "The Koran teaches us that Muslims should be united. It teaches us to live in harmony with non-Muslims as well. Muslims and Non-Muslims should help and get along with each other on equal footing," said Xiahabuding Aihaiti, a teacher with the Xinjiang Academy of Islamic Scriptural.     (Writings by Xinhua writer Gui Tao, reportings by Xinhua staff Li Jianmin, Fu Yuncheng, Liu Hongpeng, Mao Yong, He Jun, Gu Qianjiang, Yuanye and Huang Yan in Xinjiang)  

WASHINGTON, April 22 (Xinhua) -- The International Monetary Fund on Wednesday warned that the global economy was in "a severe recession" and the world output is projected to decline 1.3 percent this year, the deepest global recession since the Great Depression in 1930s.     "The global economy is in a severe recession inflicted by a massive financial crisis and acute loss of confidence," said the IMF in its latest World Economic Outlook report. "All corners of the globe are being affected." 　　EPICENTER OF CRISIS     According to the report, the world economy is projected to decline by 1.3 percent in 2009 as a whole and to recover only gradually in 2010, growing by 1.9 percent.     "Achieving this turnaround will depend on stepping up efforts to heal the financial sector, while continuing to support demand with monetary and fiscal easing," said the IMF.     The advanced economies experienced an unprecedented 7.5 percent decline in real GDP during the fourth quarter of 2008, and output is estimated to have continued to fall almost as fast during the first quarter of 2009, according to the report.     Although the U.S. economy may have suffered most from intensified financial strains and the continued fall in the housing sector, western Europe and advanced Asia have been hit hard by the collapse in global trade, as well as by rising financial problems of their own and housing corrections in some national markets.     Emerging economies are suffering badly and contracted 4 percent in the fourth quarter in the aggregate.     The United States, at the center of an intensifying global financial storm, will contract by 2.8 percent this year, said the IMF, adding that "the biggest financial crisis since the Great Depression has pushed the United States into a severe recession."     Meanwhile, the euro zone economy will shrink by 4.2 percent this year and fall a further 0.4 percent in 2010, the IMF said, criticizing the bloc for weak public policy responses and coordination.     In Japan, the IMF expects 2009 output to fall 6.2 percent, far worse than its January forecast for a 2.6 percent decline.     China is expected to slow to about 6.5 percent this year, half the 13 percent growth rate recorded pre-crisis in 2007 but still a strong performance given the global context, according to the IMF.     UNCERTAIN OUTLOOK     The IMF warned the financial crisis remains acute. "The financial market stabilization will take longer than previously envisaged, even with strong efforts by policymakers," it said.     Thus, financial strains in the mature markets are projected to remain heavy until well into 2010, and overall credit to the private sector in the advanced economies is expected to decline in both 2009 and 2010.     Meanwhile, emerging and developing economies are expected to face greatly curtailed access to external financing in both years.     In a semi-annual report Global Financial Stability Report (GFSR), which was released on Monday, the IMF said write-down on U.S.-originated assets to be suffered by all holders will be 2.7 trillion dollars, "largely as a result of the worsening base-case scenario for economic growth."     Total expected write-downs on global exposures are estimated at about 4 trillion dollars, of which two-thirds will fall on banks and the remainder on insurance companies, pension funds, hedge funds, and other intermediaries.     In the latest World Economic Outlook report, the IMF warned that the current outlook is exceptionally uncertain, with risks weighed to the downside.     The crisis has hurt international trade, with volume expected to plunge 11 percent this year before eking out 0.6 percent growth in 2010.     Consumer prices in developed countries were under pressure and would fall 0.2 percent in 2009.     "Even once the crisis is over, there will be a difficult transition period, with output growth appreciably below rates seen in the recent past," said the IMF.     BOLD POLICY     The IMF called for its members to take new bold policy stimulus to jump-start their economies.     "This difficult and uncertain outlook argues for forceful action on both the financial and macroeconomic policy fronts," said the IMF.     Past episodes of financial crisis have shown that delays in tackling the underlying problem mean an even more protracted economic downturn and even greater costs, both in terms of taxpayer money and economic activity.     "Policymakers must be mindful of the cross-border ramifications of policy choices," said the IMF. "Initiatives that support trade and financial partners will help support global demand, with shared benefits."     In advanced economies, scope for easing monetary policy further should be used aggressively to counter deflation risks.     Although policy rates are already near the zero floor in many countries, whatever policy room remains should be used quickly, according to the IMF.     Emerging economies also need to ease monetary conditions to respond to the deteriorating outlook.     However, in many of those economies, the task of central banks is further complicated by the need to sustain external stability in the face of highly fragile financing flows, the IMF warned.     The 185-member organization also warned against the rising protectionism.     "Greater international cooperation is needed to avoid exacerbating cross-border strains," said the IMF. "Coordination and collaboration is particularly important with respect to financial policies to avoid adverse international spillovers from national actions."     "A slide toward trade and financial protectionism would be hugely damaging to all, a clear warning from the experience of 1930s beggar-thy-neighbor policies," it warned.

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VIENNA, May 15 (Xinhua) -- Chinese top legislator Wu Bangguo and Austrian President Heinz Fischer met here Friday afternoon, agreeing to further expand cooperation on bilateral and international issues in face of the global financial storm.     Wu arrived in Vienna Friday morning for an official goodwill visit to Austria. He is the first Chairman of the Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress (NPC) who visited Austria in the past 15 years. Wu Bangguo (L), chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, China's top legislature, meets with Austrian President Heinz Fischer in Vienna on May 15, 2009. Wu Bangguo arrived in Vienna on May 15 for a four-day official goodwill visit to Austria. During his meeting with Fischer, Wu emphasizes that China places great importance on further developing relations with Austria. He said China is ready to expand friendly contact between the governments, parliaments and political parties of the two countries on a basis of mutual respect, equality and mutual benefits.     Wu said the two countries should enhance mutual understanding and trust so as to deepen cooperation in various fields and carry out closer coordination and communication on international affairs.     Fischer appreciates the responsible stance and measures that China has taken in addressing international financial crisis. He said the financial crisis has caused great impact on every country in the world and required joint effort of all countries in addressing it.     Wu briefed Fischer about China's policy measures to address the financial crisis and maintain stable, fast economic growth.     Both sides agreed that despite differences on such issues as Tibet, they should join efforts to bring in a new era of bilateral relations.     Fischer reiterated that Austria will as always stick to the one-China policy, which is a consensus of all political parties in Austria. This stance will never change under any circumstances.     Wu appreciated Fischer's statement and reiterated China's principled stance on the Tibet issue.     On China-EU relations, Wu said both sides should firmly support each other's development by joining hands to address global challenges, including financial crisis and climate changes. He said the two sides should join efforts to curb trade and investment protectionism and maintain rapid growth of trade and economic cooperation.     Wu hopes Austria will play a constructive role in advancing China-EU relations.     Fischer expressed the belief that Wu's visit to Austria will help enhance friendship and advance cooperation in all fields between the two countries.