关于围绕安全生产会议上的发言

论检察文化的人本建设

BEIJING, Dec. 14 (Xinhua) -- Chinese media selected the 10 most popular phrases from the past three decades to mark the official 30th anniversary of China's reform and opening up, which falls on this month.     When China began to reform and open-up 30 years ago, people began experiencing, seeing and doing new things. In fact things were so new, they needed to create new words to describe what was happening.     In order of popularity, starting with number one:     "Go in for business"     In the 1980s when China was starting to transition from a planned economy to a market economy, it had a two-track pricing system (official and market prices) for industrial raw materials, including steel, non-ferrous metals, timber and coal.     Seeing business opportunities within the pricing system, many people, especially government employees and those from state-run factories or institutes, quit their jobs to open their own businesses.     "Going for business" was often used to refer to the phenomena of people breaking away from the constraints of a planned system to embrace the market economy. 　　"Be laid off and get re-employed"     To adapt to the market economy and improve competitiveness of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in the 1990s, China began restructuring.     "Encouraging mergers, standardizing bankruptcy, laying off and reassigning redundant workers, streamlining for higher efficiency" was a guideline in the SOEs reforms.     No official statistics show how many workers were laid off during that period, but experts estimate the number could be tens of millions.     To avoid social unrest and help most of those workers find new jobs, the Chinese central government offered occupational trainings, small loans and preferential tax policies.     "Migrant worker"     China's reform and opening-up drive started in rural areas in 1978 with collectively-owned farmland contracted to individual families. This freed about 100 million peasants from farm work.     However, most of these people were tied to the countryside by a residence-based rationing system for virtually everything, including food. About 63 million of these former farmers were given jobs in village-run enterprises that mushroomed in those days.     A policy change in 1984 allowed them to find jobs in cities but the massive migration of rural laborers didn't start until after China decided to move to a market economy in 1992.     The rapid inflow of investors created many construction, factory and mining jobs, most of which urban dwellers consider too tiring or dirty.     The number of migrants grew from 60 million in 1992 to 120 million in 2003 and 210 million this year, according to central government figures.     The work of the migrant population has generated 21 percent of China's gross domestic product in the past 30 years, the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences has found. But migrant workers face various problems, including delayed pay schedules, no or low work-place injury compensation, lack of health care and little schooling for their children.     "It doesn't matter if a cat is black or white, so long as it catches mice."     This sentence was used by late leader Deng Xiaoping, chief architect of China's reform and opening-up, on different occasions to clear up doubts as to whether the economic reform was capitalist or socialist.     The sentence helped stop ideological arguments at the early stage of reform and encouraged generations of Chinese to pursue their dreams in the market economy. 　　"Surfing the Internet"     The Internet was introduced in China more than 10 years ago. It quickly gained popularity and impacted society.     While online music, instant communication services, video streaming and online games greatly entertained millions of Chinese, the Internet also became a powerful news medium where information was disclosed, shared and publicized quickly.     Through June, China had 221 million netizens, according to the Data Center of China Internet (DCCI). The netizen population, which had already surpassed that of the United States to become the world's largest, would increase to 263 million by the end of this year, DCCI forecasted.     E-commerce transactions amounted to 2 trillion yuan (about 300 billion U.S. dollars) in 2007 and 25 percent of netizens had bought something online after "surfing the Internet" as of June this year. 　　"Reform and opening-up"     In 1978, a group of villagers from Xiaogang village in eastern Anhui Province decided to adopt a household contract responsibility system, which entrusted the management and production of public owned farmland to individual households through long-term contracts.     Later the system, described by then Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping as "a great invention of Chinese farmers", was widely adopted across the country and triggered economic reform.     Over the past 30 years, the country witnessed significant changes in comprehensive national strength, people's living standards and international influence thanks to the reform and opening-up policy.     China's share of the world's combined gross output rose to 6 percent at the end of 2007, compared with just 1.8 percent in 1978when its reform and opening-up began, according to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS).     Fast economic growth over the past 30 years lifted China's GDP ranking in the world from 10th in 1978 to fourth after the United States, Japan and Germany     According to the NBS, China's per capita income jumped to 2,360U.S. dollars in 2007 from 190 U.S. dollars in 1978.     "Beijing Olympic Games"     Many believe that without opening-up, it would be impossible for China to host the 2008 Beijing Olympics.     The Games, commended by International Olympic Committee (IOC) President Jacques Rogge as "truly exceptional", were seen by the world as China's come-of-age show on the international stage.     China grabbed a total of 100 medals at the Beijing Games -- a coincidence as the country dreamt for 100 years to be the Olympic host -- and overtook the United States to top the gold medal count with 51.     As the most watched Games in history, with an estimated 4.5 billion TV and Internet viewers, the Beijing Olympics attracted the most participants, who were from a record 204 countries and regions.     "Speculate in stocks"     In 1990, China opened its first stock exchange in Shanghai, the country's industrial and financial center. In 1991, it set up its second bourse in Shenzhen, the country's first special economic zone.     China witnessed waves of stock crazes over the years and fluctuations in the stock market touch the nerves of millions of Chinese.     In 2007, the country saw a bull stock market, with the key benchmark Shanghai Composite Index soaring from 2,728 points in January to 5,261 points, or 92.85 percent, on December 28.     In fact, the market has been on a bullish run for 29 months from June 6, 2005 to November 2007, longer than the general bullish market cycle of 17 to 24 months.     But it has dipped since last November.     "Chinese characteristics"     The phrase became well-known as an answer by late leader Deng to the question of how China could improve its productivity and people's lives with its less-developed economy.     Deng's answer was "to build socialism with Chinese characteristics". It means China has its own way of development rather than copying other countries' experiences.     The phrase is frequently quoted by the Chinese and used in China's official documents.     "Rise abruptly"     The phrase, or "Xiong Qi" in Chinese meaning "Go! Go!", is a dialect of southwest China's Sichuan Province. It was originally used by football fans to inspire teams in the 1990s.     The phrase soon became popular among the Chinese public and was used widely outside the sports field to encourage people to keep up their spirits.     After the May 12 earthquake in Sichuan, Chinese used the phrase to show their care and support to the quake-affected areas and people.     The 10 phrases were selected by 15 Chinese media, including the Beijing Evening News, the Shanghai Evening Post, the Tianjin-based Jin Wan Bao, the Guangzhou-based Yangcheng Evening News and the Shanxi Evening News.     Newspapers, which are based in 15 provinces and municipalities, started soliciting catch phrases from the public in October, according to the Beijing Evening News.     The list, voted on by readers and netizens, was publicized in Shanghai on Saturday.

ANKARA, Nov. 26 (Xinhua) -- China's top political advisor Jia Qinglin arrived here Wednesday, starting an official goodwill visit to Turkey as guest of Koksal Toptan, speaker of the Turkish Grand National Assembly.     In a written statement delivered upon arrival at the airport, Jia, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), said both China and Turkey have a long history and splendid culture, and friendly exchanges between the two peoples date back to ancient times. Jia Qinglin (Front,L), chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), is welcomed upon his arrival at the airport in Ankara, capital of Turkey, Nov. 26, 2008. Jia started an official goodwill visit to Turkey on Wednesday    "We are satisfied with the ever-expanding cooperation between China and Turkey in the political, economic and other fields since the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1971," said Jia.     He said he is convinced that with efforts from both sides, China-Turkey friendship and cooperation will register new and even bigger development.     During his visit, Jia will have an in-depth exchange of views with Turkish leaders on how to further consolidate and strengthen mutually beneficial cooperation.     "I sincerely hope that my visit will further enhance the friendship between the two peoples and our bilateral cooperation in all fields so as to the benefit our two countries and peoples," said Jia.     Turkey is the second leg of Jia's four-nation visit which has taken him to Jordan and will also take him to Laos and Cambodia.

nderstanding.     China has long been an ASEM advocator. Chinese premiers have attended all ASEM summits since 1996 and proposed to build up a new-type of Asia-Europe partnership.

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Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao waves to the construction workers during his visit to a water dam construction site in southwest China's Chongqing Municipality Dec. 21, 2008. During his trip, Wen visited a number of local factories, communities, villages and worksites.     CHONGQING, Dec. 22 (Xinhua) -- Premier Wen Jiabao has called it a prime job to maintain a stable and relatively fast economic development and take more direct, powerful and effective measures to implement central policies on increasing domestic demands and promoting economic growth in a substantial way.     "Next year, it is the important target to stop the declining trend of economic growth and it is a must to focus on increasing domestic demands so as to promote economic growth," said the premier during an inspection tour in southwest China's Chongqing Municipality from Dec. 21 to 22. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao waves to college students of Chongqing University in southwest China's Chongqing Municipality Dec. 22, 2008. During his trip, Wen visited a number of local factories, communities, villages and worksites.    During his trip, Wen visited a number of local factories, communities, villages and worksites, with the company of Chongqing Communist Party chief Bo Xilai and Mayor Wang Hongju.     In his talks with local people, Wen discussed ways to get over the current financial difficulties and speed up reform and development in Chongqing. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao holds a talk with locals in a village of southwest China's Chongqing Municipality Dec. 21, 2008    In a visit to the reservoir worksite, Wen was told that Chongqing plans to invest 40 billion yuan (5.88 billion U.S. dollars) in water conservation projects in the coming five years as part of its efforts to increase domestic demand and improve the quality of life. "We must make a good use of every coin of the people," he said.     At a workshop of the Chang'an Group, the premier showed great concerns over the negative impacts of the global financial crisis on the city's automobile industry. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao sits in a car produced by the Chang'an Group in southwest China's Chongqing Municipality Dec. 21, 2008    The company's car sales have been declining since November. It is expected to further decrease in December and the first quarter of next year, said the company's president Xu Liuping. "We must brave the difficulties by ourselves, but we also need government support," Xu said.     Wen said that difficulties in the country's automobile industry are temporary as it a promising industry, because "China has a huge market." Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao visits a factory in southwest China's Chongqing Municipality Dec. 21, 2008.     Wen urged the company to depend on innovation and reform while improving quality and decreasing the cost. "Company leaders must be bold to shoulder responsibilities and the staff should unite as one, to get over the difficulties together," he said.     On Monday morning, the premier paid a visit to a communal social security center to learn about the life of low-income families. "The more financially challenged we are, the greater attention we should pay to those in need," he stressed.     At the home of 76-year-old Ren Guoqing, the premier said the government has decided to continue increasing the pension of retirees, as well as the subsidiaries for low-income families and other families who receive government subsidies.     During his tour in the city, Wen paid an unplanned visit to Chongqing University, where he met thousands of students and encouraged them to be confident in the difficult times.

GENEVA, Jan. 23 (Xinhua) -- The World Economic Forum (WEF) is "very proud" that it has managed to maintain "very positive" ties with China, a senior WEF official has said.     "We all know that China is an important factor in the future evolution and development of worldwide economy. So we are all very interested in what China will be doing," said Andre Schneider, managing director and chief operating officer of the Geneva-based organization.     In a recent interview with Xinhua before next week's opening of the 2009 WEF annual meeting, also known as the Davos Forum, in the Swiss Alpine skiing resort Davos.     More than 40 heads of state or government, including Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao, and some 1,400 business leaders, have confirmed their participation at the five-day meeting scheduled to deal with the ongoing financial crisis and other global challenges.     Premier Wen's participation will certainly be "a unique opportunity" for the world to better understand what are the plans of the Chinese leadership to deal with the crisis, Schneider said.     Schneider noted the first two WEF annual meetings of the new champions, dubbed "Summer Davos Forum," were both held in China, in Dalian in 2007 and Tianjin a year later.     The success of the "Summer Davos Forum," a gathering of new multinational companies from China and across the world to explore the mechanisms of continued and sustainable growth, indicated the strong collaboration between the two sides, he said.     The WEF's choice of China as the host of the "Summer Davos Forum" was "an absolutely right one," he said.     Schneider noted that cooperation between the WEF and China started in 1979, when China first sent a delegation to the Davos Forum.     China and its economic growth has been a topic of interest for participants at the Davos Forum in recent years.     In June 2006, the organization opened a representative office in Beijing, which aims to deal with all interactions with China. "It's a clear sign of our deepened collaboration," he said.

ADDIS ABABA, Nov. 8 (Xinhua) -- At the invitation of Ethiopian Federal Council Speaker Degefi Bula, Chinese top legislator Wu Bangguo on Saturday afternoon arrived here to begin an official visit to Ethiopia on the third leg of his five-nation Africa tour.     In a written statement released at the airport upon his arrival, Wu, chairman of the Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress, highlighted the rapid growth of the China-Ethiopia relations in the past 38 years since the two nations forged diplomatic relations, noting that the bilateral cooperation between the two nations have yielded remarkable achievements in fields such as economy and trade, culture, public health and tourism. Wu Bangguo (R), chairman of the Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress, the country's top legislature, hugs the girl presenting flowers to him at the airport in Addis Ababa, capital of Ethiopia, Nov. 8, 2008. Wu Bangguo arrived in Addis Ababa for an official goodwill visit to Ethiopia on Nov. 8. "We have witnessed the best ever relations and I hope my visit would help promote traditional friendship and cement cooperation with mutual benefit in an effort to bring the China-Ethiopia all-round and cooperative partnership to a higher level," Wu said in the written statement.     In addition to Degefi, Wu is scheduled to meet with Ethiopian President Girma Wolde Giorgis, Prime Minister Meles Zenawi, Speaker of Council of People's Representatives Teshome Toga to exchange views on bilateral relations and other regional and international issues of common concern.     Wu is also expected to visit the African Union (AU) headquarters in Ethiopia's capital. It is the first visit to the AU headquarters by a Chinese top legislator.     Wu arrived here after he concluded his official visit to Algeria and Gabon. After Ethiopia, he will travel to Madagascar and Seychelles.

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BEIJING, Dec. 26 (Xinhua) -- A food company in east China's Shandong Province has been allowed to resume export of bean stuffing to Japan following earlier suspicion of food poisoning, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (GAQSIQ) said Friday.     In a brief statement posted on its Web site, the GAQSIQ said the Japanese authorities could not conclude that the food-poisoning symptoms of two Japanese people resulted from consumption of the bean stuffing from Qingdao Fushijia Food Co., Ltd. in Shandong.     According to the GAQSIQ, the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare said Dec. 17 that Japan decided to lift import ban on Fushijia's products since the Chinese side had found no quality problem with Fushijia's bean stuffing. The Japanese side had also not discovered any harmful chemical substance in imported products.     Japan banned the import of Fushijia's bean stuffing in September after two employees of a Japanese food producer importing Fushijia's products became ill.

CHONGQING, Dec. 16 (Xinhua) -- China has approved the establishment of a bonded area in southwestern Chongqing Municipality in an effort to boost the opening and development of central and western regions.     Chongqing Vice Mayor Huang Qifan said Tuesday at a press conference here that the first inland bonded area had been approved by the State Council, or the Cabinet.     The 8.37-sq km Cuntan Bonded Area centers both the Cuntan Harbor and the Jiangbei International Airport. The bonded area will be completed in 2015.     "The Cuntan Bonded Area will be built into a multi-functional area with most advanced logistics and preferential policies," Huang said. "It will also become an accelerator for the opening upof central and eastern inland cities."     The Chongqing Bonded Area Development Company and the area's administration commission will start operation on Thursday. Huang did not reveal the investment for the bonded area or its operation time.     Bao Zichuan, chairman of the company, said the bonded area will focus on harbor business, air transport, foreign trade, export-oriented processing and commodity displays.     Enterprises in the bonded area will enjoy such preferential policies as tax rebates for exports and free tax for trading within the area.     So far, China has established ten such free trade zones in the coastal areas from north to south.

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Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (front, 2nd R), also member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, visits a manufacturing factory of the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China Co., Ltd. (COMAC) in east China's Shanghai municipality Dec. 12, 2008. Li inspected Shanghai from Dec. 12 to Dec. 13, 2008.     SHANGHAI, Dec. 14 (Xinhua) -- China's vice premier Li Keqiang stressed the priority to maintain stable, healthy economic growth through domestic demand expansion and economic restructuring during his two-day inspection tour in the eastern metropolis of Shanghai.     He said the economic development was the foundation for solving all problems. As the central government had pointed out, priority should be given to maintaining stable and relatively fast economic growth next year.     This would be achieved through expanding domestic demand, restructuring the economy and transforming the growth pattern. All would ultimately target improving people's living standard. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (C), also member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, visits the Yangshan Port in east China's Shanghai municipality Dec. 12, 2008.    Li paid a visit to the city from Dec. 12 to 13. He expressed appreciation for the progress Shanghai made in developing the Pudong New District and said the only way to sustain growth was to "deepen the opening-up".     He urged local authorities to let the market play a fundamental role in the allocation of resources, step up innovation in corporate management.     While visiting Yangshan Deep Water Port, he said planers need a "broad vision", adding that efforts should be made to sustain and expand export to sharpen the country's competitive edge in the global market.     During his inspection tour at local companies such as Baosteel Group Co. and China UnionPay, he said companies were the main drive of domestic demand expansion. They must accelerate technological innovation and structural adjustment.     Meanwhile, local government should encourage development of service industry, as well as advanced equipment manufacturing and high-tech industries, he said.     The vice premier also visited local communities and chatted with residents. He said the government would continue promoting reforms in the housing and medicare systems. The ultimate goal was to improve people's living condition.

BEIJING, Jan. 31 (Xinhua) -- A senior official with Communist Party of China (CPC) has urged to ensure social equity and maintain social stability in promoting the country's economic growth.     Zhou Yongkang, member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, made the remark in an article to be published in the journal Qiushi (Seeking Truth), run by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Feb. 1.     Zhou, also secretary of the Political and Legislative Affairs Committee of the CPC Central Committee, said that law enforcement organs should push forward reforms of working mechanism and judiciary system.     He also stressed that all the law enforcement organs should well comprehend and implement the Scientific Outlook on Development, the Party's new creed, and maintain social stability to celebrate the new China's 60th anniversary of founding on Oct. 1.