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BEIJING, Jan. 19 (Xinhua) -- China announced Tuesday that it awarded the eight peace-keeping police killed in the Haiti earthquake the title of "martyr" as their bodies were brought home Tuesday morning Beijing time.The awards were jointly approved by the Ministry of Public Security (MPS) and the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the MPS said in a statement on its website."The peace-keeping police who tragically died were always devoted to their missions; they respectfully completed many urgent, difficult, dangerous and arduous tasks; they have made a great contribution to safeguarding world peace," read the statement.It also said that compensation would be handed out, which was standard government procedure in such instances.Soldiers carry the coffins of the eight peacekeeping police officers who died in the Haiti earthquake at the airport in Beijing, China, Jan. 19, 2010Bodies of the seven policemen and a policewoman arrived in Beijing on a chartered China Southern Airlines flight.Hundreds of thousands of Chinese, including President Hu Jintao and Premier Wen Jiabao, have expressed their grief and condolences for the dead.More than 500,000 people are feared dead after the 7.3-magnitude earthquake hit the Caribbean island country Jan.12 local time.

NAIROBI, Feb. 11 (Xinhua) -- Somali pirates have released a fishing boat from Taiwan, China, and all of its crew held since April, a regional maritime official said Thursday."The Taiwanese ship was released this morning. The fishing vessel which has a crew of 30 from various Asian nationalities was seized in April last year," Andrew Mwangura, East Africa's coordinator of the Africa Seafarers Assistance Program, told Xinhua.The Win Far 161 was seized last April 4 near an island in the Seychelles, more than 1,100 kilometers off the coast of Somalia.The ship carried a crew of 30 -- 17 Filipinos, six Indonesians, five from the Chinese Mainland and two from Taiwan, China.Mwangura said 27 crew members were said to be safe, though a Chinese sailor and two from Indonesia died in captivity.The coordinator could not confirm whether a ransom was paid to secure the release of the 700-ton ship and crew.Piracy has been rampant off Somalia since the country slid into chaos after warlords toppled military dictator Mohamed Siad Barre in 1991.Somali pirates now hold at least seven ships and more than 160 crew members.The hijackings have prompted the international community to deploy security forces in the area to deter the pirates.

BEIJING, March 11 (Xinhua) -- China's top political advisor Jia Qinglin on Thursday urged for pushing forward mainland-Taiwan relations steadily, saying the two sides are facing a grand opportunity for the development of ties.Jia, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, made the call when attending a panel discussion of the annual session of the National People's Congress."The relations across the Taiwan Strait saw comprehensive improvement and development over the past year, and we are now facing a grand opportunity to develop the ties," Jia told NPC deputies of the delegation representing Taiwan."It's imperative to do well the work concerning Taiwan in a concrete and effective manner and steadily push forward cross-Strait relations," Jia said."We must stick to the principle that the mainland and Taiwan both belong to one China, consolidate the political foundation for the peaceful development of cross-Strait relations and strengthen political trust between the two sides," Jia said.Jia, also Standing Committee member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, also urged the two sides to deepen their economic cooperation and establish a long-term mechanism for mutual development and benefit.Cultural and educational exchanges should be vigorously promoted to deepen the sense of national and cultural identity between compatriots across the strait, Jia said.

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GENEVA, March 17 (Xinhua) -- China respected the universality of human rights and believed all human rights were "universal, indivisible, interdependent and interrelated," He Yafei, China's new ambassador to the UN Office in Geneva, said on Wednesday."The principle of universality has been included in the UN Charter, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights instruments," He told Xinhua in an interview."China has ratified more than 20 international human rights instruments, including seven of the eight core human rights instruments. This demonstrates clearly China's affirmation of the universality of human rights," said the ambassador, who was China's vice foreign minister before taking his new position in Geneva earlier this month.While acknowledging the universality of human rights, He also stressed that countries might have different understandings about human rights and different ways and means of promoting and protecting human rights because of the "diversity of culture, history, religion and the difference of social systems and development levels.""The Vienna Declaration and Program of Action (VDPA) adopted by the World Conference on Human Rights in 1993 has confirmed that the significance of national and regional particularities and various historical, cultural and religious backgrounds must be borne in mind when promoting and protecting human rights and fundamental freedoms by states," he said.According to the Chinese ambassador, the UN Human Rights Council, which is based in Geneva and comprises 47 member states, is an agency aimed at promoting and protecting human rights through dialogue and cooperation.Nearly four years after its creation, the Council "has basically accomplished its work and is on the right track," he said.He noted the Council had been able to review all the items on the agenda and provided timely responses to the substantive human rights issues.In addition, the Council had reviewed human rights situations in 112 UN member states, including China, through its Universal Periodic Review (UPR) mechanism, which was a "worth mentioning" result.He admitted the Council was not a "perfect" agency and still suffered from problems such as double standards and politicization.The functioning of the Council needed to be reviewed so that its work could be improved and better aligned to the letters and spirit of the UN resolutions, he said.However, the ambassador expressed opposition to any attempts to "rebuild" the agency or to "renegotiate what has been agreed upon.""It is not the time to reform it or rebuild it when it is only four years old... What we should do at the present stage is to find the gaps and fill them in a pragmatic and forward-looking way," he said.The Human Rights Council replaced the former widely discredited and highly politicized UN Human Rights Commission, created in 1946.One of the Council's major duties is to conduct a Universal Periodic Review of all 192 UN member states to scrutinize their human rights records at home, regardless of their size, wealth, military or political importance.Besides its three regular meetings each year, the Council can also hold special sessions to discuss crisis situations.While the Council's Universal Periodic Review mechanism has been widely praised, some nongovernmental organizations still criticize the agency for not working effectively to tackle human rights problems around the world.A review of the Council's working methods is expected to take place in 2011, in accordance with a UN General Assembly resolution.In the interview, He also highlighted China's increasing contribution to the United Nations and its deeper integration into the international system."From the start of this year, China becomes the 8th largest contributor to the UN regular budget, just following the seven industrialized countries," He said.He added China was by far the largest troop-contributing country among the five permanent members of the UN Security Council. Currently more than 2,100 Chinese soldiers are participating in some 10 UN peacekeeping missions.The ambassador stressed China would never shirk from international roles, and that it would continue to meet its global obligations.

BEIJING, March 12 (Xinhua) -- China's central bank said Friday a stronger yuan offers no help for solving the Sino-U.S. trade imbalance problem, and China opposes politicizing yuan's appreciation.Su Ning, vice governor of the People's Bank of China, made the comments a day after U.S. President Barack Obama told the U.S. Export-Import Bank's annual conference that a more market-oriented exchange rate of yuan will make an essential contribution to global rebalancing efforts."We do not think a country should rely others to solve its own problems," Su, a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) National Committee, said on the sidelines of the top political advisory body's annual session.The U.S. Department of Commerce said on March 11 that the U.S. trade deficit with China increased to 18.3 billion U.S. dollars in January from 18.14 billion U.S. dollars in December. The increase renewed the U.S. call for a stronger yuan as it claimed the current exchange rate gives Chinese goods unfair price advantages.Su said although yuan has gained more than 20 percent since it depegged the U.S. dollars in June 2005, China's trade surplus tripled from 100 billion U.S. dollars in 2004 to nearly 300 billion U.S. dollars in 2008.In addition, he argued, a weaker U.S. dollar does not help cut the U.S. deficit. As the U.S. dollar depreciated by 3 percent annually in average between 2002 and 2008, its deficit soared from 500 billion U.S. dollars to 900 billion U.S. dollars, Su said.Tan Yaling, a financial researcher with Peking University, said as nations have different roles in international trade and differ in resources, what they produce, consume and want can be very different."It is unfair that the United States, on the one hand, consumes cheap Chinese goods, while on the other hand, it blames the low prices for causing their domestic job losses," she said.The Obama administration's continuous calls for a stronger yuan is actually aimed at diverting attentions from its domestic woes, experts said.To grapple with high unemployment rate and uncertain recovery prospects, Obama has to do something on job promotion to secure victory in the mid-term election in November this year, said Chen Zhiwu, a financial professor with Yale University.To curb soaring unemployment and boost growth, Obama has announced a special task force on a mission of doubling the U.S. exports in five years, as he said the U.S. can not "stand on the sidelines," as other countries are busy negotiating trade deals.Cheng Enfu, a deputy to the National People' s Congress (NPC), China' s top legislature, said the consistent pressure from the United States is simply because of its pursuit of national interests."Over-fast appreciation of yuan does no good to the global economic recovery which is still fragile and uncertain," he said.Zhu Yuchen, also an NPC deputy, said as China plays a leading role in global economic recovery, any drastic policy change will not only impair China's economy, but also the global recovery, which is not a responsible way.President Obama's remarks also came a month ahead of a semiannual Treasury Department report that could label China as a currency manipulator.Premier Wen Jiabao said in the government work report delivered to the NPC on March 5 that China will keep the yuan "basically stable" at an "appropriate and balanced" level.HEFTY SURPLUS, BUT SLIM PROFITSAlthough China has accumulated massive trade surplus over the past decades, that does not indicate the same profits, as more than half of China's exporters are foreign invested, lawmakers said.Figures released by the Ministry of Commerce showed 55.2 percent of China's foreign trade was completed by foreign-invested businesses last year. And 56 percent of the exports were done by foreign companies in China.Cheng Enfu said China only pockets paper-thin profits from the very end of the manufacturing chain, or processing and assembling work. However, the United States earn handsome profits from designing and distribution.According to a study by researchers of the University of California, of the 299 U.S. dollars retail value of a 30-gigabyte video iPod in the United States, 163 U.S. dollars is captured by American companies and workers, and 132 U.S. dollars go to parts makers in other Asian countries, while the final assembly, done in China, cost only about 4 U.S. dollars a unit."Even though Chinese workers contribute only about 1 percent of the value of the iPod, the export of a finished iPod to the United States directly contributes about 150 U.S. dollars to our bilateral trade deficit with the Chinese," Hal R. Varian, a professor of the University of California at Berkeley, wrote on the New York Times on June 28, 2007.Cheng Enfu noted it needs to upgrade exports product mix to fundamentally reverse China's disadvantages. That is, to export more profitable self-innovative products, rather than labor-intensive processing goods.

CHICAGO, March 17 (Xinhua) -- A stronger RMB would not be a tonic for the U.S. economy or manufacturing and it would be a huge mistake to raise tariffs on imports from China to force a change in the yuan, says a U.S. trade expert on Tuesday.Daniel Griswold is director of the Center for Trade Policy Studies at the Cato Institute, a non-profit public policy research foundation headquartered in Washington, D.C. He is also the author of a new book, Mad about Trade: Why Main Street America Should Embrace Globalization.The trade expert told Xinhua during an exclusive interview, " China has been moving in the right direction since 2005 by allowing the currency to appreciate. Threats from the U.S. government actually make it more difficult for the Chinese government to resume appreciation because it would look as though Beijing was giving in to foreign pressure."Griswold pointed out that a stronger yuan would not be a tonic for the U.S. economy or manufacturing. "China would remain competitive in a broad range of manufactured products even if the yuan were 25 percent higher. The dollar depreciated sharply against the currencies of Canada and the Eruozone after 2002, yet our bilateral deficit with both those regions continued to grow," he added.New York Times' Nobel laureate economist, Paul Krugman, recommended in his latest column that the U.S. impose a 25 percent tariff on Chinese imports unless China appreciates its currency Renminbi. Griswold considers it a huge mistake to raise tariffs on imports from China to force a change in the yuan.Regarding President Barack Obama's new export push to double the U.S. export in the next five years, Griswold believes this goal will raise false expectations.He noted: "The goal will be difficult to realize. It hasn't been done since the 1970s, and that was driven in large part by inflation. It also depends on robust growth abroad, which is beyond the control of even this president. Faster export growth would be good for the U.S. economy, but it will not put much of a dent in high unemployment."When asked what the U.S. government should do to increase its export, the trade expert advised, "the single best policy to promote exports would be for the U.S. government to set a good example by resisting protectionism in our own market."He further explained, "U.S. companies are currently facing sanctions from Mexico, Brazil and other countries because we have failed to live up to our commitments in the WTO and the North American Free Trade Agreement. We are losing export opportunities abroad because Congress has failed to enact trade agreements with South Korea and Colombia, and the administration has failed to exercise leadership in WTO negotiations."In January the U.S. government data showed that the gap between what Americans sell abroad and what they import narrowed unexpectedly. While the usual crowd hailed it as an "improvement," Griswold believes that the numbers point to the slow growth of demand at home and abroad.He said: "We shouldn't read too much into the monthly trade numbers. The smaller-than-expected trade deficit in January could be a warning sign that the economic recovery remains sluggish. Exports were down, and imports down even further."When commenting on the U.S.-China trade relations, Griswold said, "U.S.-China relations remain fundamentally sound. Our commercial relationship is mutually beneficial and among the most important in the world."He further remarked, "American families benefit from affordable consumer products from China, while U.S. companies benefit from exports to China. And all Americans benefit from lower interest rates from Chinese investment in U.S. Treasury bonds." He noted that "the confrontational attitude of the Obama administration is driven almost entirely by domestic politics."Griswold's new book, Mad about Trade: Why Main Street America Should Embrace Globalization, is a spirited defense of free trade which tells the underreported story of how a more global U.S. economy has created better jobs and higher living standards for American workers.Since joining Cato in 1997, Mr. Griswold has authored major studies on globalization, trade, and immigration. He's written articles for major newspapers, appeared on CNBC, C-SPAN, CNN, PBS, and Fox News, and testified before House and Senate committees.

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BEIJING, Feb. 18 (Xinhua) -- China's operational high-speed railways have exceeded 3,300 kilometers, leading the world in both length and technologies, the Ministry of Railways said on its official website Thursday.Last year China finished two high-speed railways between Wuhan-Guangzhou and Zhengzhou-Xi'an, with an operating speed of 350 km/h. Before that, China had built high-speed railways between some of its major cities, including Beijing-Tianjin, Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan, Qingdao-Jinan, Hefei-Wuhan and Hefei-Nanjing.A number of new high-speed railways are being built and will be finished in the coming few years, of which the Beijing-Shanghai line has a length of 1,318 km and a designed travel speed of 350 km/h. Construction of the line started in April 2008 and would finish in around five years. It would cut travel times between the two cities to only five hours from about 12 hours.High-speed trains wait for departure at Guangzhou south railway station in Guangzhou, capital of south China's Guangdong Province, on Jan. 30, 2010. The Asia's biggest railway station came into use on Saturday, the first day of Chinese spring festival transport rush of 2010.China's railway links had expanded to 86,000 kilometers by the end of 2009, the world's second longest only after the United States.Railway passengers topped a record 1.53 billion last year. Cargo transportation hit 3.32 billion tonnes, according to the ministry.Railway investment surged 80 percent to 600 billion yuan in 2009 boosted by the 4-trillion yuan stimulus package. The government has planned a record 823.5 billion yuan for 2010 to extend the network to 90,000 kilometers by the end of this year.

GUANGZHOU, Feb. 14 (Xinhua) -- As the bell struck midnight Saturday to usher in the New Year, a real-name train ticket selling experiment ended in southern China's Guangdong Province.The move has turned out to be helpful in easing ticket shortages during a travel peak season before the Spring Festival, or Chinese Lunar New Year, but failed to uproot scalpers.In 15 days, the operation initiated by the Ministry of Railways among nine stations run by Guangzhou Railway Group has benefited 600,000 travellers who went on their journeys home from Guangdong since Jan. 30 to inland provinces of Hunan, Sichuan and Guizhou, and Chongqing Municipality.The stations were in cities whose economy heavily relies upon migrant workers, including Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Foshan, Dongguan and Huizhou, all in Guangdong, known as "Factory of the World".With the real-name ticket selling scheme, gone were those long waiting queues -- which had been ubiquitous before the experiment-- at the entrances of Guangzhou Railway Station where transportation task is usually the heaviest around important traditional festive seasons such as Spring Festival.Xiong Xiaoyan, who was heading for her home province of Guizhou, southwest China, was surprised to find the ticket-checking process taking only 10 seconds."I thought the waiting line would be much longer than normal as the identity card check was supposed to take more time", she said, "I didn't expect it to be so prompt!"Huang Xin, director of the passenger transport section of the Guangzhou Railway Group, attributed the efficiency to the improved ticket check-in infrastructure. "We used to have only seven to eight ticket gates. Now the number has grown up to 108," Huang said.At each entrance gate to the platform, an identity recognition system was put into place. Inspectors could scan a traveller's ticket and his or her ID card separately on two sets of equipment: screens will immediately display the information about a ticket purchaser and the ID card holder with photos. If the names and codes on the ticket and ID card matches, inspectors will stamp the ticket and let go the traveller.Huang said that this year's pre-Spring Festival single-day traffic record had overtaken that of last year to 232,000 people on Feb. 28."I think the pilot operation has successfully passed the ticket check-in test as the extra procedure aiming to secure fairness cut rather than prolong travelers' waiting time," said Huang.Dozens of train stations in Hunan, Sichuan, Chongqing and Guizhou, home to a huge number of migrant workers, started to pilot the real-name train ticket selling scheme on Sunday.Tens of millions of migrant workers go back home before the Spring Festival for often once-in-a-year family reunions. They return to cities after the festival.The scheme runs through March 10.SCALPERS CORNERED NOT UPROOTEDBefore the name-based system was adopted, travellers had long complained about scalpers worsening the ticket shortage problem by stockpiling tickets and reselling them at higher prices as the country's railway transport capacity falls far short of its annual Spring Festival traffic demand.During this travelling season from Jan. 30 to March 10, the railways were expected to transport 210 million passengers, up 9.5 percent year on year, or 5.25 million passengers per day, according to the Ministry of Railways.Migrant worker Wang Xiangneng from central Hunan Province thought the real-name system had put a curb on scalpers. "Anyone can buy a ticket either by phone calls or at ticket booths now. It is really first-come and first-served," said Wang.Taking himself as example, Wang said that a one-way ticket for a hard seat from Guangzhou to Shaoyang priced at 51 yuan used to be sold at least 200 yuan by scalpers in the past."If we were able to secure a ticket from the station or authorized outlets, we could have several days' pay spared. That is not a small amount for us," he said.But there are people always trying to beat the new system to make illegal profits. Police in Guangdong have captured 837 illegal ticket vendors and confiscated more than 2,500 scalped tickets by Feb. 8.In Chongqing, local police have also cracked down on several ticket scalping cases.From two suspects, the police have seized 37 real-name tickets, 115 IDs for ticket booking via phone calls and four household registration booklets. The two suspects surnamed Wang and Gou separately confessed they would charge an extra 20 to 30 yuan for each ticket.Yue Jinglun, director of the Social Policy Research Institute of the Guangzhou-based Sun Yat-sen University, said there was much to be done to prevent the real-name system from being taken advantage of by scalpers."No one would deny that the trial operation has been a very positive step in securing fair distribution of scarce train ticket resources. The key is to constantly optimize the system, rather than abandoning it for fear of defects," he said.Huang Xin said the way to tackle train ticket shortage problem from the root was to expand the country's railway transport capacity. "At the core this is supply-and-demand problem," he said.

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ADDIS ABABA, Jan. 12 (Xinhua) -- China will lose no time in implementing the "eight new measures" to strengthen China-Africa cooperation in the next three years, said China's Minister of Commerce Chen Deming on Tuesday. The fourth ministerial meeting of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation was held in the Egyptian resort of Sharm el-Sheikh on Nov. 8-9. At the meeting, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao announced eight new measures the Chinese government will take to strengthen China-Africa cooperation in the next three years.     The success of the Sharm el-Sheikh meeting has opened a new page for China-Africa cooperation, Chen said during his talks with Erastus Mwencha, deputy chairperson of the Commission of the African Union (AU).     China will focus on improving African people's well-being, strengthening Africa's agriculture and infrastructure and expanding cooperation in human resources development, he said.     China will support Africa to increase its capacity for independent development, and join hands with Africa in tackling such challenges as the global financial crisis and climate change, in a bid to promote China-Africa friendly cooperation and Africa's economic and social development, said the Chinese minister.     Chen appreciated the AU's efforts to further Africa's integration process and develop China-Africa cooperation, saying China will continue to strengthen all-round cooperation with the AU, and support the AU to play a bigger role in regional and international affairs.     For his part, Mwencha said Africa and China respect each other and treat each other on an equal footing, adding that bilateral ties have stood the test of the time.     He believed the Sharm el-Sheikh meeting will further promote the development of cooperation between Africa and China.     China's eight new measures to enhance cooperation with Africa are consistent to Africa's practical needs, said the AU official.     Mwencha said the AU Commission is willing to play a bigger role in implementing the eight new measures and enhance dialogue between Africa and China.     Chen arrived here on Monday for a working visit, which will also take him to Mozambique and Tanzania.

HANGZHOU, Feb. 13 (Xinhua) -- Days before its 4,000 employees, mostly migrants, started off upon their annual trips home for the Chinese Lunar New Year, Tiansheng Group, a textile company in the eastern Zhejiang Province, promised pay rises hoping workers would all come back after the holiday."We are expecting a severe shortage of skilled workers this year," said Wei Guoliang, president of the company's trade union. "We'll be short of at least 1,000 workers in Spring."Lu Laofa (R), a 40-year-old migrant worker from southwest China's Guizhou Province, and his children make a free phone call with their relatives at the railway station of Hangzhou, capital of east China's Zhejiang Province, Jan. 31, 2010Located in Shaoxing County, Asia's biggest textile base, Tiansheng Group relies mostly on migrant workers from Anhui, Henan and Sichuan provinces for production.Fearing it might lose some of its best employees, the company's management offered an average 15-percent pay rise for all workers, plus higher meal allowances and better medical insurance starting on March 1.The offer was printed out and posted at the company's main entrance to catch the workers' attention."We don't know if it will work," said Wei. "But we do hope the workers will come back after the Spring Festival."Two farmer migrant workers who returned home for the Spring Festival take part in a lathe-hand technical training at Juye County, east China's Shandong Province, Feb. 5, 2010.While the Spring Festival falls Sunday, most migrants would stay home for about two weeks for the most important Chinese holiday.For years, migrant workers are the mainstay of labor forces in China's leading manufacturing bases in the Shanghai-centered Yangtze River Delta and the Guangzhou-centered Pearl River Delta.Yiwu City in Zhejiang Province, known for its small commodities including the world's biggest supply of toys and Christmas gifts, is also feeling the pinch of worker scarcity.After a recruitment tour to underdeveloped western provinces of Guizhou, Shaanxi and Yunnan last year, Huang Yunlong, head of the city's labor management bureau, said the situation would be tough for local employers this year.Migrant workers gesture on their chartered flight at the airport in Hangzhou, capital of east China's Zhejiang Province, Feb. 4, 2010In a recent survey in Lishui, a manufacturing town close to Yiwu, 4,000 of the 6,000 migrants who were heading home for the new year said they would stay in their hometowns for jobs or do farmwork after the holiday.Hoping to ease the labor shortage, Red Leaf Umbrella Co. encourages its employees to introduce new workers and offers a 600 yuan cash reward for each new recruit."The worker shortage is a result of the fast economic recovery, as well as the new policies by central and local governments to stimulate growth in the central and western regions," said Zhuo Yongliang, a researcher with Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Development and Reform.Amid the economic recovery, a Yiwu-based restaurant consumes 600 packs of wet tissues a day, as against 400 packs during the international financial crisis last year."The worker shortage, as well as the heavier workload for individual employees, have forced employers to offer better pays and compensation packages -- it's a good thing to this end," said Prof. Wu Jinliang with the Zhejiang Provincial Party School. "But it also eats way the competitive edge of thousands of small businesses that used to rely on cheap labor."Besides the worker scarcity, many entrepreneurs are also worrying about the skills and overall quality of their employees.Zhou Xiaoguang, president of a Yiwu-based decoration firm, remembers the dainty products he saw at an exposition in Europe. "Why can't we produce stuff like that? We can spend heavily to buy better equipment and hire better designers, but we don't have high-caliber workers at our production lines."Langsha Group, China's leading producer of socks and stockings, dropped a procurement plan last year for an Italian-made automatic packing machine that could spare the manual work of 30 workers and improve quality."No one is able to run the machine or fix it if it breaks down," said the group's president Weng Rongdi. "Our lack of training for the workers is a big problem.""Like all other Chinese manufacturing companies, we need high-caliber workers if we want to make further breakthroughs," he said.