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GENEVA, April 14 (Xinhua) -- Switzerland and China will soon sign a formal agreement on enhancing their cooperation in the field of sustainable water management and hazard prevention, the Swiss government said on Tuesday.     Federal Councilor and Environment Minister Moritz Leuenberger will make his first official visit to China on April 16 to sign this agreement, according to a government statement.     During his five-day visit, Leuenberger will also hold official discussions with Chinese Minister of Water Resources Chen Lei, attend the third Yangtze Forum and visit the Three Gorges Dam, the statement said.     Due to their mountainous regions, Switzerland and China face similar natural hazards, according to the statement.     At the same time, both countries harness their hydropower and are faced with the question of river basin management, which is likely to become more pressing due to climate change, it added.

BEIJING, March 5 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao Thursday called on the nation to strengthen "conviction for victory" as he unveiled an unprecedented stimulus package to shore up economic growth amid global downturn.     In a work report to the National People's Congress (NPC), the country's parliament, Wen said China is facing "unprecedented difficulties and challenges" as economic growth slows, employment pressure mounts and social uncertainties increase in 2009, the most difficult year since the new millennium.     PREMIER'S ECONOMICS     China's economy cooled to a seven-year low of 9 percent last year, and broke a five-year streak of double-digit expansion, as the global financial crisis took its toll on the world's fastest growing economy.     The country, however, is "able to achieve" an economic growth at about 8 percent as long as right policies and appropriate measures are adopted and implemented, Wen said. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao delivers a government work report during the opening meeting of the Second Session of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC) at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, March 5, 2009In his report, Wen outlined an aggressive stimulus package, including huge government investment, tax reform, industrial restructuring, scientific innovation, social welfare and promoting employment.     In addition to a 4-trillion yuan (585.5 billion U.S. dollars) stimulus package that was announced in November, the premier also proposed a budgeted fiscal deficit of 950 billion yuan (139 billion U.S. dollars) for 2009, a record high in six decades and nearly three times over the last record of 319.8 billion yuan set in 2003.     The deficit accounted for less than 3 percent of the gross domestic product (GDP), nearly surpassing an internationally accepted risky line.     Wen said increasing government spending is the most active, direct and efficient way to expand domestic demand, while economists believe China's 2-trillion U.S. dollar foreign reserves, current-account surplus and budget surplus offers the government lots of room to do so.     Other key economic and social targets included creating more than 9 million jobs in the city, controlling urban registered unemployment rate under 4.6 percent and keeping the rise of Consumer Price Index (CPI) at about 4 percent.     EXPECTATIONS OF A MIGRANT WORKER AND MORE     While nearly 3,000 lawmakers convened at the Great Hall of the People in the center of Beijing, Zhang You, a migrant worker from central Anhui Province who was waiting in his rented room for a job opportunity in the outskirts of the capital, also watched Wen's nationally televised speech, though the Premier's economics might be beyond his imagination.     "I didn't quite understand what those figures meant," he said. "But I was impressed by Premier Wen's vow to expand social security for migrant workers and help us find jobs," the 30-year-old man said. "I am happy about that."     Zhang, a painter, said he has had no work to do for months. "I guess it's because fewer people are buying houses," he said. China's real estate sector was also hit by the international financial crisis with fewer people buying houses.     But Zhang said he believes he will soon be able to find a job. "I feel the government is trying hard to overcome the difficulties. This kind of situation won't last long."     "I hope the economy will get better. My whole family is depending on me," said Zhang, one of the 20 million migrant workers who have lost jobs following the financial crisis.     In addition to millions of migrant workers seeking jobs in the cities, another 6.1 million college students are due to graduate this year, worsening the country's unemployment woes.     Announcing a 42-billion-yuan central government investment to boost job opportunities, Wen said in his report "the government will do everything in its power to stimulate employment."     He said the government will make full use of the role of the service sector, labor-intensive industries, small and medium-sized enterprises, and the non-public sector of the economy in creating jobs, he said.     Hao Ruyu, vice president of the Capital University of Economics and Business, said to maintain an 8 percent growth rate is "vital" to the Chinese economy and the country's stability.     "One percentage point growth could create 800,000 to 1 million jobs," said Hao, vice chairman of the NPC Financial and Economic Affairs Committee.     Despite worsening world economy, economists are optimistic about China's economic growth as previous stimulus measures have started to show initial effects.     Economist Li Yining told Xinhua that he believes China's economic growth this year could reach 8 percent, or even higher.     The Chinese economy is also very likely to recover before other major economies, even though the world economy is still shrouded in uncertainty, said Li, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), the nation's top political advisory body.     "The economic slowdown is beginning to bottom out, and the economy is bound to rebound on huge government investment," he said.     According to a survey of factories issued Monday by the brokerage CLSA, China's manufacturing activity contracted for a seventh consecutive month in February, but at a slower rate than previous months.     INVESTMENT FOR A HARMONIOUS SOCIETY     While explaining the stimulus plan, Wen said the government will "give top priority to ensuring people's wellbeing and promote social harmony."     He said a total of 908 billion yuan of the central government investment this year will go to projects aiming at improving people's life.     Those projects covered low-income housing, education, health care, culture, environmental protection, and reconstruction in regions affected by the May 12 earthquake in Sichuan Province.     As part of the efforts to shore up domestic demand, Wen said China will increase investment to improve China's social security network, whose low coverage has long been blamed for the country's high saving rate.     He said the central government plans to spend 293 billion yuan on the social safety net this year, up 17.6 percent or 43.9 billion yuan over the estimated figure for last year.     The money will be used to fund social welfare programs, including pension, medical insurance, unemployment insurance and living allowances to low-income groups.     Wen also promised that his government will improve efficiency and continue to combat corruption.     "We must discharge our duties with great diligence and, through our actions and achievements, build a government that is for the people and is pragmatic, clean, efficient to satisfy people's needs and win their trust," he said.     CHINA IMPETUS LIMITED?     As the world's fastest expanding economy, China's policy making has captured international attention since the world was hit by the financial turmoil. Before Wen delivered his report, U.S. stocks broke a five-day losing streak with the Dow Jones industrial average rising 149.82, or 2.2 percent, to 6,875.84 on Wednesday.     Some analysts said expectations on China's economic stimulus package might have contributed to the stock jump.     But Wang Xiaoguang, a Beijing-based economist, said such an influence is very "limited."     Wang said China's stimulus package might help store up some investors' confidence in world economy, but the recovery of the world depends on both China and the United States.     China's economic growth could help cushion the blows of world economic downturn, Wang said. "But if the U.S. economy continued to worsen, China alone could not revive the world," he said.

HORSHAM, Britain, March 15 (Xinhua) -- The G20 finance ministers and central bank governors meeting sent a positive signal that the international community is rising unitedly to the economic and financial challenges, Chinese Finance Minister Xie Xuren said here Saturday.     As the financial crisis continues to spread and bites harder from one country to another, solidarity achieved at the meeting will help boost market confidence and stabilize economic and financial conditions, Xie told Chinese reporters shortly after the meeting.     Xie said the meeting provided a platform for economic leaders to have in-depth discussions on enhancing exchanges and coordination on policy issues.     He said participants agreed to continue to adopt effective policies and measures and strengthen coordination on macroeconomic policy to restore market confidence as soon as possible.     They also reached consensus on further deepening trade and economic cooperation and fight trade and investment protectionism, Xie said.     Participants unanimously agreed to promote international trade with an open mind and pay close attention to the difficulties of the developing countries, especially the least developed countries, the minister added.     Participants also agreed to strengthen financial supervision, enhance transparency and accelerate the reform of international financial institutions to ensure that the developing countries will have greater representation and bigger say, he said.     Xie said China took an active part in the discussions on all issues at the meeting and extensive exchanges and consultations with various parties on the effective ways to deal with the global financial crisis and promote global economic revival and growth.     China calls on countries around the world to strengthen policy coordination and step up the fight against protectionism to better cope with the crisis, he said.     Xie said the meeting had made some necessary preparation for the upcoming G20 financial summit in London, and created a favorable atmosphere for a successful London summit.

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BEIJING, March 7 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao said here Saturday that the current international financial crisis, despite its severe impact on China's economy, also means an opportunity for the country.     China should take the opportunity to change its development pattern and realize structural adjustment so as to maintain a steady and relatively fast economic growth, Hu said when joining a panel discussion with deputies of the National People's Congress (NPC) from south China's Guangdong Province.     "Challenge and opportunity always come together. Under certain conditions, one could be transformed into the other," Hu said. Chinese President Hu Jintao (front, 2nd R) talks to female deputies during the panel discussion of deputies to the Second Session of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC) from south China’s Guangdong Province as International Women's Day is coming, in Beijing, capital of China, March 7, 2009    Hu said China should make full use of its advantages to break the bottlenecks of development. He also called for efforts to promptly and creatively implement the policies and plans of the central government to create conditions for solid and rapid development in the future. Wu Bangguo (front L), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and also chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC), attends the panel discussion of deputies to the Second Session of the 11th NPC from east China's Shandong Province, in Beijing, capital of China, March 7, 2009In a panel discussion with NPC deputies from Shandong Province, top legislator Wu Bangguo said to maintain economic growth is China's top priority now, and efforts should be made to boost domestic consumption so as to secure this year's economic development targets.     In face of impacts of global financial crisis, China should seek both a temporary solution and a permanent cure, and make efforts to upgrade its industry and improve competitiveness of Chinese enterprises, said Wu, chairman of the NPC Standing Committee. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (2nd R) attends the panel discussion of deputies to the Second Session of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC) from central China's Hubei Province, in Beijing, capital of China, March 7, 2009Premier Wen Jiabao said maintaining steady and relatively fast economic development amid the global financial crisis should be the focus of local governments.     The task can affect the overall development of the national economy and society, the people's interests, and the long-term development of the country's modernization drive, said Wen when joining NPC deputies from the central Hubei Province.     Governments at all levels should incorporate improving people's well-being into the efforts on maintaining economic growth to benefit the people and promote harmony and stability of society, Wen said.     He also urged local governments to take the opportunity to enhance their capabilities in dealing with complicated situations, keeping close contact with the public and implementing policies.     Governments should also improve their credibility among the people, Wen said. Jia Qinglin (front R), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and also chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), meets with members of the 11th National Committee of the CPPCC from the Communist Youth League of China, the All-China Youth Federation, the All-China Federation of Trade Unions and All-China Women's Federation, in Beijing, capital of China, March 7, 2009Top political advisor Jia Qinglin attended a joint panel discussion with political advisors from circles of trade unions, the youth league, and women's federations.     These social groups should "take initiative to resolve disputes, address depression of the public, and safeguard the rights of the employees, young people and women," he said.     Jia, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), also called on them to help those with difficulties to find jobs. Li Changchun (front L), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, attends the panel discussion of deputies to the Second Session of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC) from northwest China's Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, in Beijing, capital of China, March 7, 2009.Li Changchun, member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, said publicity work should serve the overall objectives of ensuring economic growth, people's well-being and social stability.     During the discussion with lawmakers from northwest Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, he called on media and cultural workers to provide "spiritual" support for economic growth amid global downturn. Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (front L), who is also a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, attends the panel discussion of deputies to the Second Session of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC) from south China's Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, in Beijing, capital of China, March 7, 2009Vice President Xi Jinping joined panel discussions with lawmakers from Hong Kong and Macao respectively.     Xi said the governments of both Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions (SAR) have taken prompt and effective measures to counter the impact of global financial crisis.     He said lawmakers from Hong Kong and Macao have played a positive role in the country's political affairs since China resumed the exercise of sovereignty over the two regions in 1997 and 1999 respectively.     Xi called on the lawmakers to fully exercise their functions and powers with focus on the country's measures of maintaining economic growth and social stability. Li Keqiang (front, 2nd R), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, attends the panel discussion of deputies to the Second Session of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC) from northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, in Beijing, capital of China, March 7, 2009In a panel discussion with NPC deputies from the northwestern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Vice Premier Li Keqiang said China can enjoy large room for economic manoeuvre due to its vast territory and the high mutual complementarity in economy between different regions.     "We should turn challenges into opportunities, boost the development of the western region, make full use of advantages (of different regions), tap the market, speed up industrial restructuring, and cultivate new economic growth areas so as to keep a steady and relatively fast economic growth," Li said.     He said Xinjiang enjoys a particularly important strategic status for the country's development and stability. Efforts should be made to secure Xinjiang's stable and prosperous development, enrich people and safeguard the frontiers and strengthen national unity and social stability, he said. He Guoqiang (front R), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, attends the panel discussion of deputies to the Second Session of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC) from north China's Hebei Province, in Beijing, capital of China, March 7, 2009.He Guoqiang, secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, called on officials to improve their work style in face of economic difficulties.     "We must enhance education on the officials, improve existing regulations, and step up supervision to ensure steady and relatively fast economic development," He, also member of the CPC Central Committee's Political Bureau Standing Committee, told NPC deputies from northern Hebei Province. Zhou Yongkang (front R), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, attends the panel discussion of deputies to the Second Session of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC) from Tianjin Municipality, in Beijing, capital of China, March 7, 2009. When joining lawmakers from the northern Tianjin Municipality, Zhou Yongkang, member of the Standing Committee of the CPC Central Committee's Political Bureau, underlined the adherence to scientific decision-making approach.     He also urged officials to focus their efforts on solving issues concerning people's well-being to sustain stability and promote social harmony.

BEIJING, Feb. 10 (Xinhua) -- China's State Council, or the cabinet, issued a notice Tuesday that urged governments at all levels to make every possible effort to expand employment.     The notice said that the deepening global financial crisis makes it more difficult to offer jobs for new labor force and unemployment risks continue to increase. In response, governments should adopt a more vigorous employment policy to maintain stable employment and social order.     Governments at all levels should give priority to employment of enterprise staff, college graduates, laid-off and migrant workers and demobilized officers.     They should take active measures to reduce employment burdens on enterprises and supervise their layoff activities to protect workers' legal rights.     If an enterprise's job-cutting plan involves more than 20 workers or more than 10 percent of the entire staff, the company should file a report to the local trade union or notify all staff 30 days before the layoff.     Tax authorities should offer exemptions, including turnover tax and individual income tax, to laid-off workers who started their own business and extend the exemption approval deadline to the end of 2009.     Enterprises that sign one-year or above contracts with laid-off workers and pay their social insurance fees will also be exempted from several taxes with the approval deadline also extended to the end of 2009.     Workers who fail to find employment by end of 2009 will be able to continue claiming social security subsidies for a maximum of one year.     The notice also required governments to improve employment services such as professional training, adding that new employment and unemployment rates would be key factors in assessing government success

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BEIJING, March 24 (Xinhua) -- China said it would raise benchmark retail prices of gasoline and diesel by 290 yuan (42.46 U.S. dollars) per tonne and 180 yuan per tonne, respectively, as of midnight Tuesday.     It is the second oil price adjustment this year. The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), China's top economic planner, cut benchmark pump prices of gasoline and diesel by 140 yuan and 160 yuan per tonne, or 2 percent and 3.2 percent, respectively, on Jan. 14.     Experts said more frequent price adjustments show China can respond more quickly to international oil price changes after a new pricing mechanism took effect Jan. 1, 2009. The combined photo taken on Mar. 24, 2009 shows the price boards before (top) and after (bottom) the adjustment, in Beijing, China. China said it would raise benchmark retail prices of gasoline and diesel by 290 yuan (42.46 U.S. dollars) per tonne and 180 yuan per tonne, respectively, as of midnight Tuesday.    Oil price fell to 53.10 U.S. dollars a barrel in electronic trading on the New York Mercantile Exchange on Tuesday. On the previous trading day, it settled at 53.80 U.S. dollars a barrel, the highest price since Dec. 1.     Under the new mechanism, China's domestic prices are to be "indirectly linked" to global crude prices "in a controlled manner."     "The 'indirect link' would be based upon average global crude prices, while taking into account domestic production costs, taxation, and 'appropriate profits' of oil producers," deputy director of the pricing department of the NDRC, Xu Kuning, said.     Government-set fuel prices were previously changed infrequently.     As a result, either Chinese drivers ended up paying more than those in other countries when crude prices dropped, or domestic refineries suffered huge losses when crude prices surged.     Last Dec. 18, when the international crude price dropped from a record 147 U.S. dollars a barrel to less than 40 U.S. dollars, the NDRC announced a move to cut pump prices by 900 yuan and 1,100 yuan per tonne for gasoline and diesel, respectively.     The new pricing mechanism was announced the following day and took effect at the beginning of this year.     In Tuesday's notice to raise pump prices, the NDRC urged the two state-owned oil producers, PetroChina and Sinopec, to increase oil production to meet demands.     It also urged local pricing regulators to strengthen supervision over oil prices and crack down on any price violations.     China's crude oil output reached 190 million tonnes in 2008, up2.3 percent year-on-year, the highest growth in three years, according to the China Petroleum and Chemical Association.     Imports of crude oil rose 9.6 percent year-on-year to 179 million tonnes last year, which accounted for 48 percent of total crude oil demand.

BEIJING, Feb. 4 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping has called for offices at all levels responsible for the research of the history of Communist Party of China (CPC) to play a more important role in improving the Party's ruling abilities.     Xi, also a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, made the remark at a meeting attended by officials in charge of the Party history research offices at the provincial level on Wednesday.     Xi urged the Party committees to provide financial and human resource support for those offices and encouraged Party history researchers to play stronger role in education among the Party members.     The Vice President said Party history research organs should take the opportunity in the year of 2009 when the People's Republic of China celebrates the 60th anniversary of founding.     Xi stressed that the offices should promote the Party's ruling abilities and solidify the CPC's status as the governing party.

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BEIJING, April 2 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Zhang Dejiang Thursday warned the need to find jobs for college graduates was "crucial".     "The employment situation of college graduates remains grave," he told a video conference held by the State Council, the Cabinet.     More than 6 million college students were leaving school in just three months and the employment rate was generally lower than previous years, Zhang said without elaborating.     China has 6.11 million college students due to graduate this year, and 1 million from last year are still looking for jobs, according to the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security.     Graduates are having a hard time finding jobs this year as posts are being axed due to the economic slowdown.     Zhang urged government organs, government-sponsored institutions, and state-owned enterprises to hire as many people as last year, and small and medium-sized and private companies to employ college graduates.     The State Council unveiled in February a series of measures to boost employment of college graduates, calling on them to be more flexible.     The measures included encouraging graduates to work in rural areas, in grassroots urban communities, and in smaller enterprises, asking research institutions to recruit graduates, and stepping up support for graduates starting up their own businesses.     Zhang asked local government departments to work out detailed and feasible measures and make efforts to publicize the measures this month.     Government departments and higher learning institutions should provide comprehensive services to graduates by offering advice, giving aid to the poor, and maintaining a sound employment market, he said.

WASHINGTON, March 11 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. House of Representatives on Wednesday adopted a resolution on Tibet in gross interference in China's internal affairs.     The resolution neglected the remarkable and widely recognized progress in Tibet in politics, economy, culture and society over the past 50 years.     It also repeated groundless accusations against the Chinese government over its Tibet policy and voiced support for the ** Lama's separatist activities.     Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Ma Zhaoxu urged the U.S. representatives Tuesday to follow the basic norms guiding international relations and stop pushing the bill on Tibet.     "The Tibet issue is purely China's domestic issue. The Chinese government and people, as always, oppose any country or anyone to interfere in China's internal affairs on the pretext of the Tibet issue," he said.     This year marks the 50th anniversary of the end of feudal serfdom in Tibet.     Fifty years ago, the central government of China foiled an armed rebellion by the ** Lama and his supporters to block reform in Tibet and split the region from China.     On March 28, 1959, a new local Tibetan government was formed, freeing millions of Tibetan serfs and slaves, who accounted for more than 90 percent of the then population.     "Over the past 50 years, Tibet has undergone profound changes in political, economic and cultural sectors and millions of serfs have become owner of Tibet," Ma said.     However, with the backing of certain anti-China elements in the West, the ** Lama and his followers have continued to pursue either disguised or undisguised activities in an attempt to separate Tibet from China and restore feudal serfdom in the region.     On March 14 last year, followers of the ** Lama staged riots in Lhasa to put pressure on the central government. Their violence resulted in the deaths of 18 civilians and huge property losses.