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A senior central bank official has rejected calls for a quicker increase in the flexibility of the renminbi exchange rate, saying the currency's role in rectifying global economic imbalances should not be exaggerated. Hu Xiaolian, deputy governor of the People's Bank of China, said more attention should instead be paid to growing protectionism to safeguard the health of the world economy, according to a central bank statement and Xinhua. She was speaking in Washington on Saturday at a conference during the semi-annual meetings of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank. The meetings are a venue for key financial officials of the two institutions' member countries to discuss global economic issues. Officials and economists at the IMF, which has a mandate to safeguard the global economy and render advice to member countries, said that Beijing should pursue a more flexible exchange rate, for the sake of both the Chinese economy and a more balanced global economy. However, China did not seem to see the advice as being appropriate. "The fund... should respect its member countries' core interests and actual economic fundamentals," Hu was quoted as saying. "Biased advice would damage the fund's role in safeguarding global economic and financial stability." In July 2005, China abandoned the renminbi's decade-old peg to the US dollar and let the currency appreciate by 2.1 per cent. Since then, it has gained almost another 5 percent against the dollar. However, there has been a persistent international chorus, led by the United States, arguing that China has not been moving quick enough in letting its currency rise. US lawmakers have said that the country's trade deficit was partly caused by what they believed an undervalued Chinese currency. Chinese officials say the yuan's flexibility would gradually increase but argue that radical steps would generate shocks in the Chinese economy which could spread to the rest of the world. "The IMF... should attach significance to stability of domestic economies (of member countries) when observing their contribution to outside stability," Hu said. She said the IMF should strengthen surveillance over the soundness of economic policies of countries whose currencies are used as major instruments in other countries' foreign exchange reserves. She was clearly referring to the US, whose low savings rate, and fiscal and trade deficits are agreed to be a key cause for global economic imbalances. Hu also called attention to what is seen as a rising protectionist sentiment, which has been causing troubles for China's exporters. "We call on all countries to harness the opportunities created by globalization... and resolutely oppose protectionism," she said.

BEIJING -- As the world marked International Human Rights Day on Monday, a Chinese expert in the field has documented his country's work in the area through a new article chronicling achievements that have been made over the past five years.Dong Yunhu, vice president of the China Society for Human Rights Studies, the largest nongovernmental organization in the human rights field in China, listed in his article some major facts outlining the fruits that have been reaped.In the newly-amended constitution of the Communist Party of China (CPC) adopted at October's 17th Party Congress, one of the landmark changes was that in the paragraph of "promoting socialist democracy", it said the Party "respects and safeguards human rights".It was the first time the CPC considered the development of human rights as an important aspect of national development.In November 1991, the Information Office under the State Council published its first-ever white paper entitled "Human Rights in China", stressing that full access of human rights was socialist China's "sublime goal".In March 2004, parliament adopted an amendment to the constitution that inserted the clause declaring "the state respects and safeguards human rights", putting human rights protection under the legal umbrella of the state.In March 2006, China for the first time wrote "human rights protection" in the country's national economic and social development plan as a part of the modernization drive.In his article Dong wrote: "Over the past five years, the most prominent progress in China's human rights protection is the 'mainstreamlization' and entry of human rights into the country's political life."The public's right to know, right to supervise has been constantly expanded. How state organs operate, how legislators work becomes increasingly transparent, Dong said.He pointed out that as a developing country with 1.3 billion population, China was still confined by historic, economic and social conditions. It had met many obstacles in the development of human rights."The economic, social and legal systems in China are far from mature and unbalanced development occurs between the rural and urban areas and among different regions," Dong said. He noted that "thorny issues in such aspects as employment, social security, income distribution, education, medicine, housing and safe production, had all effected public interests.However, he was confident that "human rights conditions in China would gradually improve along with the modernization process" as long as the country "unswervingly implements human rights protection principles and actively promotes democratic and legal construction".

BEIJING - China said Monday it will use global positioning satellites to ensure food safety at the Beijing Olympics as it steps up efforts to blacklist manufacturers who violate safety regulations. Wang Wei, an executive vice president of the Beijing Olympic Committee, said the high-tech system will monitor food production, processing factories and food hygiene during the games to make sure healthy food is delivered to the 10,500 athletes residing in the Olympic Village. Food products will be affixed with an "Olympic food safety logistics code" and transportation vehicles will be tracked using global positioning satellites, Wang said. He did not provide further details of either plan. "The whole process will be monitored from the start of production through transportation to the end users," Wang said. "We are very confident about ensuring food safety in Beijing." Wang said extra measures would also be taken to ensure food safety for the general public. "During the games some special monitoring mechanisms will also be applied to monitor restaurants and public food sellers to let people know how they can buy safe food," he said. In a separate announcement, Beijing-based Qianxihe Food Group, an Olympic sponsor, said it had begun selling a hormone-free line of pork for the games, a company official said. The company's pigs have been fed food without hormones and are part of the "Olympics Special Supply Pork" range, which will be consumed by athletes and can be bought in supermarkets by ordinary citizens, said the official, who would give only her surname Tong. Wang's comments came after Vice Commerce Minister Gao Hucheng announced that 429 exporters have been blacklisted and punished for producing dangerously substandard products

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BEIJING -- The Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC) has planned to open a subsidiary in the United States, as part of its going-global strategy which also involves Russia, Indonesia and the Middle East, Board Chairman Jiang Jianqing said here on Wednesday."Preparations have been going on smoothly. We hope to receive approval from American authorities as early as possible," said Jiang, a delegate to the ongoing 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, at a news briefing.Jiang said that next month the ICBC would open a branch in Russia and take over the Bank Halim in Indonesia. Applications to set up new branches in Dubai and Doha have been approved by the banking authorities of China, paving the way for its march into the emerging Middle East market.In its latest overseas expansion, the ICBC clinched an agreement with Seng Heng Bank Limited on August 29 to acquire a stake of nearly 80 percent of the bank in Macao for 4.683 billion patacas (US5 million), according to the bank's website.Jiang said that the ICBC would "cautiously" advance its going- global strategy. "Only when the price, opportunity and place are right will we make a move."The bank has established more than 100 branches so far in 13 countries and regions, mainly through greenfield investment, merger and acquisition. But overseas business only contributed three percent of its total assets and four percent of its profits. The ICBC hopes to raise the proportion to 10 percent in the future, Jiang said.Domestically, the ICBC has more than 16,800 outlets.With a total asset of over US0 billion, the ICBC has been named as the second largest bank of Asia and the most profitable bank with a net profit of over US billion, according to a listing of HK Asia Week of "Top 300 Asia Bank".Apart from expanding its global presence, the bank has been engaged in financial innovations at home. In September, China's banking regulator approved the bank to set up a leading company with a registered capital of 2 billion yuan (US5.96 million), the largest of its kind in the Binhai New Area of Tianjin, which will help improve the bank's performance by shifting its profits from interest income to intermediary services.Jiang said the bank's non-performing ratio would be hopefully kept under three percent this year, much lower than the industry's average of eight percent. Bad loan ratio in term of real estate property stood at 1.4 percent in the first half. 

NANCHANG - He Guoqiang, a senior leader of the Commuinst Party of China, said the needs of the people must come first during a visit to the snow-hit eastern Jiangxi Province.He Guoqiang visits Miaozhi Village in Jiujiang where technicians have been repairing an electricity transmission line for eight days and nights, January 31, 2008. [Xinhua] "The disaster in Jiangxi is still developing. We are facing a tough task," said He, a member of the Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee's Political Bureau. "It is our most urgent task to fight the disaster and carry out relief work."He, the eighth top leader of the CPC to venture into the field to join the relief efforts, has been in Jiangxi since Wednesday. He has been entrusted by Chinese President Hu Jintao to direct disaster relief work and condole local residents."Party and government leaders of all levels shall be on the spot of the most-affected regions," He said. "They shall put the people's needs first."In the past two weeks, unusual freezing weather, icy rain and heavy snow have hit most of Jiangxi, affecting traffic, power supply and people's daily lives.A new round of heavy snow has fallen in northern Jiangxi since Thursday evening. By Saturday morning, 66 provincial counties were blanketed by at least two centimeters of snow. The snow was thicker than 10 cm in 21 of the counties.He visited the airport and the Nanchang railway station in the provincial capital upon arrival and inquired into the operation of flights and trains.Noticing a newborn baby carried by his mother waiting to board a train, He talked with the woman, Tan Xiaohui, and helped her with the child's woolen cap.He told Tan to take care of the child and herself and the other passengers to keep warm while wishing them a safe journey home.His second stop was the bridge across the Yangtze River in Jiujiang, a major juncture of a trunk road.He shook hands with soldiers and police who were de-icing the road and keeping traffic order. He also talked with drivers and passengers who were waiting to pass the bridge and handed out food.A relief camp has been set up beside the bridge, providing food, drinking water and medical service for stranded drivers and passengers.He was glad to learn the camp is running around the clock."I hope, through your work, passengers will not suffer cold, hunger, thirst and illness," he said.Disastrous weather has cut off several sections of the provincial power grid. On Thursday, He visited Miaozhi Village in Jiujiang where technicians had been repairing an electricity transmission line for eight days and nights."You have made great contribution to restoring power supply to the people. Take care of yourself," he said while holding the hands of a technician.At Lianhua and Jiangxiang townships, He dropped in on several rural families whose business had suffered from the storms.He asked Yin Zhongming, a strawberry farmer, and Liu Chunjiang, who raised ducks, about their damage. He encouraged them to restore production as soon as possible with assistance from the local government.The local government shall try its best to guarantee supply of power, gas, water and daily necessities, he said."We shall also start planning rehabilitation as early as possible and offer people preferential policies, and financial and technical assistance."

The Employment Promotion Law is being revised to provide a firmer legal footing for efforts to combat the discrimination that Hepatitis B virus carriers have encountered while looking for work, a senior official said. If the revised law is passed, Hepatitis B carriers will have the tools they need to guard their right to secure fair employment and to have discriminating employers punished. Liu Danhua, deputy director of the Labor and Social Security Ministry's training and employment department, said the drafters planned to write a chapter called "fair employment" and to add an article that bans employers from refusing to hire applicants because they carry infectious viruses. She made the remarks during an online interview on www.gov.cn on Friday. At least 15,000 people participated in the online chat and left more than 600 messages for the official. Many spoke about their experiences of being rejected by employers because they are Hepatitis B virus carriers. They applauded the document released by the Labor and Social Security Ministry and the Ministry of Health in May, which called for the protection of virus carriers' employment rights. Still, some were disappointed that some employers seemed not to have heeded the call. According to the document, except for those industries barred to Hepatitis carriers because of the possibility they might spread the virus, such as food processing, employers are not to make Hepatitis screening a mandatory part of physical checkups. Medical organizations have been asked to protect carriers' privacy. But in many cities checks for theHepatitis B virus are more or less obligatory before securing employment. A college graduate from Changsha, Hubei Province, using the Web alias "jiushi3953", said he had been rejected three times by companies because he has Hepatitis B. He was worried he would never get a good job. "Almost every company in Shenzhen demands a Hepatitis virus check Please give me a chance to survive," he said. Hao Yang, deputy director of the Ministry of Health's disease control and prevention bureau, said discrimination was rooted in people's misconceptions about Hepatitis B. Many people and even some doctors think Hepatitis B virus can be transmitted while dining together or touching. Hao said this is wrong. The country is home to about 120 million chronic carriers of the Hepatitis B virus, which may lead to chronic inflammation of the liver. Carriers do not suffer, and do not pose a threat to other people.

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BEIJING - China's food watchdog issued an emergency circular on Wednesday to ensure food safety in the face of severe winter weather that has blocked transport and endangered supplies in much of central, eastern and southern China.The State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA) ordered all the local food and drug bureaus to tighten inspections of food production and sale facilities so as to prevent inferior or fake food from entering the market.The snow, the heaviest in decades in many places, has been falling in China's east, central and southern regions since January 10, causing building collapses, power blackouts, highway closures and crop destruction.The SFDA ordered all local bureaus to maintain food market order and to prosecute law violations, noting supplies of some foods was already tight.The extreme weather in the past two weeks hit as Chinese travelers began one of the world's biggest annual mass migrations for the Chinese Lunar New Year, or the Spring Festival, the most important festival for Chinese family gatherings.The SFDA also ordered local bureaus to promptly report and tackle emergencies and prevent mass incidents of food poisoning.

BEIJING -- American chip manufacturer Intel Corp. said here Monday that it had settled a copyright infringement dispute with China's Shenzhen Dongjin Communications Technologies Co. Ltd. after more than two years of legal battle. The two companies said in a joint statement that given their developing strategies and business operations, pursuing the lawsuit was not in the best commercial interests of each company. Intel Corp. sued Shenzhen Dongjin, a private Chinese company, in 2004 for alleged copyright infringements relating to its Inter Dialogic System Release 5.1.1 software (SR5.1.1) and demanded compensation of 7.9 million US dollars. In compensation terms it was the biggest IPR case to be heard at the Intermediate People's Court of Shenzhen, a boomtown in south China's Guangdong Province. At the request of the American multinational, the Shenzhen Intermediate People's Court seized and sealed all of the disputed products and relevant reference materials on January 20, 2005. In April 2005, Shenzhen Dongjin, through its subsidiary company in Beijing, countersued Intel for technology monopoly at the No. 1 Intermediate People's Court in Beijing. The two companies said the out-of-court settlement respected the Chinese law on IPR protection and the positive efforts made by Chinese courts. The details of the settlement were kept confidential. He Jiannan, general manager of Shenzhen Dongjin, said the settlement demonstrated the progress made by China in technology innovation, company management and IPR protection.

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The government has earmarked 6 billion yuan (4 million) to pay for energy conservation projects to be launched before the end of this year, a senior official from the top economic planner said Monday."The special funds will support 10 major energy-saving projects, such as reducing the use of petroleum and developing petroleum substitutes and green lighting technology. It is hoped these developments will help the country use less energy," Xie Zhenhua, vice-minister of National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), said at the China Energy Saving and Emission Reduction Forum 2007."Incentives have been devised to encourage enterprises to save energy. Enterprises will receive financial aid according to the energy they can save while reducing emissions."Xie said the central government has also set aside an additional 2 billion yuan to compensate local governments and enterprises for eliminating excess production capacity in the latter half of this year.The government has set a target of reducing energy consumption per unit of GDP by 20 percent between 2006 and 2010, with annual cuts of 4 percent. However, the decrease was only 1.33 percent last year compared with 2005."If we cannot reverse this situation in a timely manner, it will be difficult to meet this year's energy-saving target, which could have an unfavorable effect on the energy-saving and emissions-reduction targets in the 11th Five-Year Plan," Xie said.To prevent this from happening, the government will accelerate the elimination of obsolete production capacity in 13 sectors.He also said the NDRC and the State Environmental Protection Administration will soon organize a conference on the recycling economy in Chongqing.The government will guide the price of power from small thermal power plants, and raise excise taxes on resource-consuming products such as refined oil, automobiles and solid wood floors.

WASHINGTON - China warned the United States on Thursday against "groundless smear attacks" against Chinese products and said it was working responsibly to address concerns over a spate of recent food safety scares. "The Chinese Government has not turned a blind eye or tried to cover up. We have taken this matter very seriously, acted responsibly and immediately adopted forceful measures," said a statement by China's embassy in Washington. "Blowing up, complicating or politicizing a problem are irresponsible actions and do not help in its solution," the Chinese mission said in a rare policy pronouncement. "It is even more unacceptable for some to launch groundless smear attacks on China at the excuse of food and drug safety problems," it said. Echoing the Beijing government's complaints about US media reports, the embassy said food safety concerns were not unique to China, 99.2 percent of whose food exports to the United States in 2006 met quality standards. Problematic US imports from China -- including toxic ingredients mixed into pet food and recalls of toy trains and toothpaste -- were isolated cases and "hardly avoidable" amid huge and rapidly growing bilateral trade, the statement said. "It is unfair and irresponsible for the US media to single China out, play up China's food safety problems and mislead the US consumers," it added. Appealing for strengthened cooperation between Chinese and US food inspection authorities, the statement urged Americans to "respect science and treat China's food and drug exports fairly."