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合同履约保证合同

BEIJING, Nov. 2 (Xinhua) -- China's gross domestic product (GDP) growth is expected to slow to 9.4 percent in 2008 from last year's 11.4 percent as the shrinking exports will cool the world's fourth largest economy, according to a Chinese credit rating agency report on Sunday.     The fundamentals of the economy are sound, but falling export orders would take a toll on the national economy in the short term, and domestic consumption needed time to play a bigger role, said the report released by the China Chengxin International Credit Rating Co. (CCXI), a joint venture of China's first rating agency China Chengxin Credit Management Co. Ltd. and U.S.-based Moody's Corporation.     The changing external economic environment and the burst of domestic asset bubbles would exacerbate the slowing economy, said the report.     The proactive fiscal policy was key to preventing the economy from falling and there was room for further cuts in bank reserve requirement ratios and interest rates.     It predicted the economy would gain 8.6 percent in 2009, but it gave no explanation of its forecast.     China's economy grew at 9 percent in the third quarter, the slowest in five years, as the global financial crisis sapped demand for Chinese goods, and domestic industrial production waned in response to weak demand and rising raw material costs.     The government has lowered interest rates three times in the last two months, increased export rebates and cut property transaction taxes to boost domestic consumption.     The report said the world financial crisis would have limited direct impact on the domestic banking system, but it warned Chinese exporters of default risks of foreign buyers.     Insurers and securities companies would be affected as the domestic capital market was growing more connected to the international market.     In September, the Manila-based Asian Development Bank, projected China's GDP growth to fall to 10 percent this year and further ease to 9.5 percent in 2009.     The slow-down was a result of the combined effects of a reduced trade surplus, slower growth in investment, and the global economic downturn, the Asian Development Outlook 2008 Update has said.

MOSCOW, Oct. 28 (Xinhua) -- China and Russia issued a joint communique here Tuesday, pledging further efforts to strengthen strategic coordination and deepen cooperation in various fields.     The communique was signed by visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin at the 13th regular prime ministers' talks between the two countries. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (2nd L) and Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin (2nd R) sign a joint communique on the 13th regular meeting between Chinese and Russian prime ministers in Moscow, capital of Russia, Oct. 28, 2008. Wen Jiabao and Putin held talks here Tuesday at the 13th regular meeting between Chinese and Russian prime ministersDuring his visit, Wen also held separate talks with Russian President Dmitry Medvedev and Speaker of the Russian Federation Council Sergei Mironov, and attended the third China-Russia Economic and Trade Summit Forum.     During his meeting with Medvedev, Wen and the Russian president had an in-depth exchange of views on the two countries' strategic coordination and cooperation, as well as major regional and international issues. Russian President Dmitry Medvedev (R) meets with visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao in Moscow, capital of Russia, Oct. 28, 2008The two leaders said that the Sino-Russian strategic partnership of cooperation has witnessed rapid growth in recent years, with enhanced mutual trust and support and broadened cooperation in key areas.     The two sides agreed that it is important and urgent for China and Russia to comprehensively strengthen bilateral relations in the current complicated international situation. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (L) meets with Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin in Moscow, capital of Russia, Oct. 28, 2008. Wen Jiabao and Putin held talks here Tuesday at the 13th regular meeting between Chinese and Russian prime ministersIn line with the spirits and principle of the treaty of good-neighborliness and friendly cooperation, China and Russia will implement all agreements and consensus reached by the two sides, promote mutual political trust, facilitate pragmatic cooperation and deepen strategic coordination, so as to benefit the two countries and peoples and make greater contributions to world peace and stability.     Wen and Putin noted that the prime ministers' regular talks have played a significant role in boosting pragmatic bilateral cooperation in various fields, saying both countries are willing to continue to better the mechanism and improve its efficiency. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao addresses the opening ceremony of the Third Sino-Russian economic forum in Moscow, capital of Russia, Oct. 28, 2008The two sides will make all events of the "national theme year" of China and Russia approved by the two heads of state a regular occurrence, implement the plan for the year of Russian language in2009 in China, and make preparations for the year of Chinese language in 2010 in Russia.     The two countries will make joint efforts to further expand trade and economic cooperation, so as to promote their economic development.     Both sides should give full play to the role of the China-Russia Chamber of Commerce of Machinery and Electronic Products, and take practical measures to increase high-tech products in bilateral trade. Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin addresses the opening ceremony of the Third Sino-Russian economic forum in Moscow, capital of Russia, Oct. 28, 2008.The two sides will, in the principle of equality and mutual benefit, make use of the Sino-Russian investment promotion conference and take measures so as to sign a draft plan of China-Russia investment cooperation at an early date, to create a sound investment environment, effectively protect the legal rights and interests of investors, implement investment projects of mutual interests, and expand cooperation in industrial projects, infrastructure construction and renovation.     They will continue to step up regional cooperation along the border, to further regulate the cross-border trade order, improve the structure of commodities, and upgrading the infrastructure in port cities.     The two sides reaffirmed that energy cooperation is an important part of the China-Russia strategic partnership of cooperation, and the two nations should deepen energy cooperation on the basis of mutual benefit.     Both sides agreed to support cooperation in oil and gas, including long-term trade of crude oil, the construction of oil pipelines linking Russia and China, the upstream and downstream cooperation in oil fields, natural gas supply and the establishment of natural gas processing and chemical enterprises.     The two sides also agreed to widen and deepen long-term cooperation in space technology to ensure the completion of the 2007-2009 space cooperation program as scheduled.     In the fields of science and technology, China and Russia, by combining their efforts in high priority fields of scientific research, will implement joint projects with great innovative potential and commercial prospects. The two sides will further promote cooperation in nanotechnology, energy, energy saving, ecology and rational utilization of natural resources.     The two sides also agreed to push forward cooperation in transportation and traffic infrastructure, enhance cooperation in such areas as trade and project financing, bank card and export credit insurance, and to further cooperation in the civil aviation sector.     They spoke highly of bilateral cooperation in telecommunication and information and communication technology, and pledged to improve the cooperative mechanism in anti-monopoly, supervision of advertisement law and anti-unfair competition, and to expand and deepen cooperation in information exchange in the border area.     Both sides will continue to expand cooperation in disaster relief and strengthen relevant exchange in science and technology and information.     The two sides are willing to boost cooperation in environmental protection and reasonable utilization and protection of cross-border water.     They agreed to continue to organize and hold activities of cultural exchanges between the youths of China and Russia, including an art festival, summer or winter camps and language competitions.     The two sides expressed satisfaction with the successful Russian cultural festival in China this year and support for the Chinese cultural festival in Russia in 2009, which they said will be an important event marking the 60th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties between the two countries.     The two sides will encourage their libraries, museums and theaters to set up direct contacts and develop cooperation.     Both countries will also continue to deepen cooperation in health-care services, especially in such fields as prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, rest cure and medicine supervision.     They will facilitate sports exchanges and cooperation, agreeing to hold the 3rd China-Russia youth games in 2009.     The two sides will comprehensively implement bilateral accords and programs in tourism, and improve the mechanism and expand cooperation in such fields as media, movie production and file management.     They agreed to hold the 14th regular prime ministers' talks in China next year on a date to be decided through diplomatic discussions.     During the 13th prime ministers' regular talks, the two countries signed a number of documents, including several agreements on cooperation in such fields as energy, banking and high technology.     Wen arrived here Monday for a three-day official visit to Russia aimed at strengthening China's strategic partnership with the country.     Russia is the first leg of Wen's two-nation tour, which will also take him to Kazakhstan.

BEIJING, Jan. 5 (Xinhua) -- Senior Communist Party of China (CPC) leader Li Changchun has underscored the importance of enhanced efforts to boost public confidence in a bid to promote stable and fairly rapid economic development. Li Changchun (C), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, addresses a national conference on publicity in Beijing, capital of Beijing, Jan. 4, 2009.    Li, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, made the call at a national conference on publicity which was held here from Jan. 4-5.     He called for efforts to create an active and healthy environment to maintain social stability.     He also urged the building of a "socialist core value system" that may consolidate the ideological basis for people from all ethnic groups.     Li called for a reformative, scientific and innovative spirit in publicity and cultural work.

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LONDON, Feb. 1 (Xinhua) -- Visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao on Sunday warned against protectionism in face of lingering global financial crisis.     Speaking at a meeting with former British Prime Minister Tony Blair, Wen said as international financial crisis is spreading, his visit to London was to send a message of confidence for Britain and China to join hands in overcoming current difficulties. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R) shakes hands with former British Prime Minister Tony Blair during their meeting in London Feb. 1, 2009. Wen is on a three-day official visit to Britain, the last leg of his week-long European tour. He noted that the two sides should further explore the potential for cooperation, and guard against trade protectionism, in particular.     The premier, who arrived in London on Saturday for a three-day official visit, welcomed British businesses to invest in China, while expressing wishes for Britain to increase exports of goods, technology and equipment to China.     On the upcoming G20 summit in April, Wen pledged that China would work together with Britain towards an active achievement.     Blair said the international community highly values China's role and views in dealing with the current financial crisis. Wen's speech at the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum in Davos has sent a message of confidence in strengthening cooperation and overcoming difficulties.     The former British prime minister noted that Britain supports free trade, and is opposed to protectionism in trade. Businesses in the country also wish to further their ties with China. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R) shakes hands with Britain's Conservative Party leader David Cameron during their meeting in London Feb. 1, 2009. Wen is on a three-day official visit to Britain, the last leg of his week-long European tour.On Sunday, Wen also met with David Cameron, leader of Britain's Conservative Party, the major opposition party.     Wen told Cameron that China attaches great importance to developing relations with the Conservative Party, and is willing to further inter-party exchanges and improve mutual understanding and cooperation.     Cameron said his party and himself adheres to one-China policy and developing relations with China, and would continue to strengthen exchanges and ties.     Wen also briefed China's policy and measures on dealing with financial crisis, adding it's imperative for the two sides to adhere to fair and open trade in resolving issues arising from the international financial system.     According to the premier, Sino-British cooperation is beneficial to both countries.     Cameron noted that China has been a responsible country in coping with the financial crisis, and China's policies of stimulating domestic demands while keeping its market open has been beneficial to Britain and the world alike.     Cameron hoped that the two countries would strengthen bilateral and multilateral ties, and work together in facing the crisis.     During his three-day visit, Wen will meet with people from political, business and financial circles. He will also deliver a speech at the University of Cambridge.     On Saturday, Wen met with Stephen Perry, chairman of 48 Group Club, and the representatives of "Young Icebreakers."     His trip is a return visit for British Prime Minister Gordon Brown's China tour early last year, as a regular high-level meeting mechanism set between the two countries.     Britain is the last leg of Wen's week-long European tour, which began Tuesday and has already taken him to Switzerland, Germany, the European Union (EU) headquarters in Brussels and Spain.

BEIJING, Oct. 15 (Xinhua) -- China's senior political advisors convened here on Wednesday to discuss the new Party decision on rural reform and advice on the issue.     During the four-day third meeting of the Standing Committee of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) National Committee, political advisors were expected to carefully review the decision made at the third Plenary Session of the 17th Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee that closed on Sunday, said Jia Qinglin, the CPPCC National Committee chairman who presided over the meeting.     The CPPCC had made great efforts to study the issues of agriculture, rural development and improving farmers' life, he said. "We hope political advisors can present their findings, put forward proposals and contribute to the rural reform and development." Jia Qinglin (C), chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), addresses the opening session of the 3rd meeting of the standing committee of CPPCC's 11th national committee in Beijing, capital of China, on Oct. 15, 2008    Vice Premier Hui Liangyu was invited to give a presentation of the new CPC decision to the advisors at the meeting.     In the decision, the CPC summed up the experiences of the past three decades of rural reform, analyzed chances and challenges the country faced and worked out a guideline for the future, Hui said. Photo taken on Oct. 15, 2008 shows the opening session of the 3rd meeting of the standing committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC) 11th national committee in Beijing, capital of China, on Oct. 15, 2008.

  BEIJING, Jan. 2 (Xinhua) -- Premier Wen Jiabao has urged Chinese companies to stress innovation to combat the impact of global economic turmoil.     Wen made the remarks as he visited companies, markets, communities and rural areas in China's eastern Shandong Province over the first two days of 2009. He sought to reassure people that the economy would be able to regain steam.     "Try to develop new types of candles to cater to different cultures, which would capture big market share," Wen said during avisit to Qingdao Kingking Group, the world's second-largest candle maker.     During a visit to Haier, the country's largest appliance maker, the premier praised its sales promotion and services in rural areas as a factor stimulating rural consumption, which he said would help ease the impact of the global financial crisis. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (C) visits Yatai electric appliances supermarket that sells subsidized household appliances in Jimo City under Qingdao, a coastal city in east China's Shandong Province, Jan. 2, 2009. Wen visited companies, markets, communities and rural areas in Qingdao on Jan. 1-2.     China kicked off a subsidized household appliance program in December 2007 and decided on Wednesday to further expand subsidies for farmers' purchases from Feb. 1 to boost consumption.     "How Haier is dealing with the global crisis tells us there is opportunity amid crisis, and the opportunity lies in innovation, which will not only help shake off the impact of the crisis but also upgrade enterprises," Wen noted.     He said the country would increase subsidies to 15 billion yuan (2.2 billion U.S. dollars) in 2009 from last year's 9 billion yuan. It would increase domestic spending by more than 100 billion yuan.     The policy would remain in force for at least five years, which would increase appliance sales by more than 500 billion yuan, Wen added.     He highlighted the importance of innovation and called for enterprises to design and develop high-quality, low-cost products for rural markets.     Wen also went to a village in Shandong Province to talk with rural families. He reassured villagers that apart from the expanded subsidies, the government also encouraged enterprises to purchase old appliances and allow farmers to trade in older models for new ones as a move to sustain domestic demand.     The premier reiterated "confidence" wherever he went, saying a solid material foundation, stable financial system, abundant cash flow, large domestic markets, appropriate macroeconomic policies and others steps boosted confidence.     Wen said the State Council, or Cabinet, is drawing up two major plans.     One involves 10 programs to expand demand, further detailing and specifying the 10 stimulus measures kicked out last year.     The other includes the readjustment and improvement of 10 pillar industries. Plans for the development of steel industry and automobile industry have been rolled out and others are under way.

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Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao waves to the construction workers during his visit to a water dam construction site in southwest China's Chongqing Municipality Dec. 21, 2008. During his trip, Wen visited a number of local factories, communities, villages and worksites.     CHONGQING, Dec. 22 (Xinhua) -- Premier Wen Jiabao has called it a prime job to maintain a stable and relatively fast economic development and take more direct, powerful and effective measures to implement central policies on increasing domestic demands and promoting economic growth in a substantial way.     "Next year, it is the important target to stop the declining trend of economic growth and it is a must to focus on increasing domestic demands so as to promote economic growth," said the premier during an inspection tour in southwest China's Chongqing Municipality from Dec. 21 to 22. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao waves to college students of Chongqing University in southwest China's Chongqing Municipality Dec. 22, 2008. During his trip, Wen visited a number of local factories, communities, villages and worksites.    During his trip, Wen visited a number of local factories, communities, villages and worksites, with the company of Chongqing Communist Party chief Bo Xilai and Mayor Wang Hongju.     In his talks with local people, Wen discussed ways to get over the current financial difficulties and speed up reform and development in Chongqing. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao holds a talk with locals in a village of southwest China's Chongqing Municipality Dec. 21, 2008    In a visit to the reservoir worksite, Wen was told that Chongqing plans to invest 40 billion yuan (5.88 billion U.S. dollars) in water conservation projects in the coming five years as part of its efforts to increase domestic demand and improve the quality of life. "We must make a good use of every coin of the people," he said.     At a workshop of the Chang'an Group, the premier showed great concerns over the negative impacts of the global financial crisis on the city's automobile industry. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao sits in a car produced by the Chang'an Group in southwest China's Chongqing Municipality Dec. 21, 2008    The company's car sales have been declining since November. It is expected to further decrease in December and the first quarter of next year, said the company's president Xu Liuping. "We must brave the difficulties by ourselves, but we also need government support," Xu said.     Wen said that difficulties in the country's automobile industry are temporary as it a promising industry, because "China has a huge market." Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao visits a factory in southwest China's Chongqing Municipality Dec. 21, 2008.     Wen urged the company to depend on innovation and reform while improving quality and decreasing the cost. "Company leaders must be bold to shoulder responsibilities and the staff should unite as one, to get over the difficulties together," he said.     On Monday morning, the premier paid a visit to a communal social security center to learn about the life of low-income families. "The more financially challenged we are, the greater attention we should pay to those in need," he stressed.     At the home of 76-year-old Ren Guoqing, the premier said the government has decided to continue increasing the pension of retirees, as well as the subsidiaries for low-income families and other families who receive government subsidies.     During his tour in the city, Wen paid an unplanned visit to Chongqing University, where he met thousands of students and encouraged them to be confident in the difficult times.

BEIJING, Oct. 22 (Xinhua) -- China's top political advisor has called for seriously studying the essence of the third plenary session of the 17th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), which is ushering in a new round of rural reforms in the country.     Great efforts should be made to push forward the rural reforms, so as to consolidate and develop the country's general situation featuring a stable and fast economic development and a harmonious and stable society, said Jia Qinglin, chairman of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) National Committee.     Jia, who is also a member of the Standing Committee of CPC Central Committee Political Bureau, made a study tour in Jilin Province on Oct. 18-22 in the company of Jilin's Party chief Wang Min and Governor Han Changfu.     During his stay, he visited local factories, villages, schools, research institutions and construction sites, and heard reports by local officials to learn about the real situation in this northeastern province. Jia Qinglin (R front), a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and chairman of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) National Committee, talks with a farmer at the Cerestar China Resources Maize Industry Co., Ltd. in northeast China's Jilin Province, Oct. 20, 2008. Jia made a study tour in Jilin Province on Oct. 18-22    Jia showed special interest in rural development and urged local grain-processing companies to play a leading role in promoting agricultural production, increasing farmers income and achieving prosperity in the countryside.     He urged locals to probe ways in setting up new-type rural cooperatives to speed up the formation of a new-type public service system for farming and enhance the level of public service in the agricultural sector.     In addition, the senior official highlighted the issue of improving the country's self-reliant and innovative abilities, while visiting a number of large companies in oil, railway, pharmaceuticals and research and educational institutions.     Jilin, which boasts a sound industrial foundation and a large army of scientists and teachers, has the valuable conditions for increasing its self-reliant and innovative abilities and accelerating the pace of reforms, Jia said.     Over the past few days, the top political advisor had meetings with local CPPCC officials and leaders of local branches of non-communist parties and the local federations of industries and commerce.     Jia reiterated the important role of China's political consultative system, which puts the CPC at the center while making all these non-Communist parties as participants in the country's arena, the so-called United Front, which is aimed to unite all forces around the CPC in the governance.     China must adhere to its correct political orientation and the leadership of the CPC, Jia said. He called for firmly taking the socialist road with China's own characteristics in the country's political development, under the guidance of the great banner of socialism.

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RAMALLAH, Jan. 15 (Xinhua) -- Visiting Chinese special envoy for the Middle East Sun Bigan called for an immediate halt of military activities in Gaza during his meeting with Palestinian National Authority (PNA) Chairman Mahmoud Abbas in the West Bank city of Ramallah Thursday.     The two discussed the situation in the Gaza Strip, which has been under intensive Israeli attacks for almost three weeks, causing more than 1,000 Palestinians dead and over 4,600 wounded. The Palestinian National Authority (PNA) Chairman Mahmoud Abbas (R) meets with Sun Bigan, China's special envoy on the Middle East issue, in the West Bank city of Ramallah, on Jan. 15, 2008.     Sun urged all parties to abide by UN Security Council resolution 1860 to avoid additional civilian casualties and ease the humanitarian crisis.     He said as a permanent member of the UN Security Council, China has the duty to uphold justice and safeguard world peace. The warfare in Gaza, since its start, had drawn attentions from the Chinese leadership as well as the Chinese public.     Sun said China has been making efforts to bring peace back to the region and to ease the humanitarian crisis happening in Gaza.     Sun stressed that China has been long supporting the stance held by the PNA and Abbas that the Palestinian issue should be solved politically. Israeli President Shimon Peres meets with visiting China's special envoy on the Middle East issue Sun Bigan in Jerusalem, Jan. 14, 2009.    He expressed his hope that the Palestinian side could continue gaining international support, and the disputes can be solved through negotiations.     Sun said that unity remains the basic and most important factor that ensures the Palestinians to regain their legitimate national rights, adding that China appreciates the tireless efforts that Abbas has made to maintain Palestinian national unity.     Abbas highly praised the five standpoints on the current Middle East situation issued by China, thanked for China's emergency humanitarian aid, and expressed his willingness to keep exerting efforts to restore stability as soon as possible. Egyptian Foreign Minister Ahmed Abul Gheit (R) meets with China's special envoy on the Middle East issue Sun Bigan in Cairo Jan. 12, 2009. The two sides exchanged opinions on the Gaza crisis and vowed to work together to help ease the tension in the Palestinian enclave.    Before his visit to Ramallah, Sun also toured Egypt and Israel, where he put forward five standpoints of the Chinese government on the current Middle East situation to Egyptian and Israeli officials.     The five standpoints are:     1. China calls on all parties concerned to abide by the UN Security Council Resolution 1860, and cease all military actions immediately to avert more casualties.     2. Measures should be taken to ease the humanitarian crisis in Gaza. A stable channel for supply of humanitarian aid including food, medicine and fuel, for Gaza should be open at the earliest time possible, and parties concerned should provide necessary guarantee in this regard.     3. Parties concerned should establish, through negotiation, a ceasefire monitoring mechanism in Gaza and work to create durable security and stability there.     4. The Palestine-Israel peace talks should resume at the earliest time, and efforts should be made to seek solution to issues related to the final status of Palestine on the basis of mutual-trust, so that an independent Palestinian state will be established as early as possible and the "two states" of Palestine and Israel will coexist peacefully.     5. The international community should increase mediating efforts for peace and promote a comprehensive, just and durable settlement of the Middle East issue. China is ready to work with parties concerned and make unremitting efforts in this regard. Amr Moussa (R), secretary-general of the Arab League, meets with China's special envoy on the Middle East issue Sun Bigan at the headquarters of the Arab League in Cairo, capital of Egypt, on Jan. 12, 2009.

LIMA, Nov. 22 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao put forward proposals for dealing with major issues in international economic and social development and tackling the ongoing global financial crisis at the 16th APEC economic leaders' meeting here on Saturday. 　　ADDRESSING INT'L PROMINENT ISSUES     Hu presented five proposals for addressing the prominent issues in international economic and social development.     First, APEC member economies should build consensus and promote sound development of the multilateral trading regime, Hu said.     "A fair and open multilateral trading regime is conducive to the steady growth of regional and global trade, to the sound growth of the world economy and to the benefits of all parties," he said.     "We should have strong confidence in the multilateral trading regime and give strong support to the Doha Round negotiations," he added.     Second, APEC member economies should take up responsibilities and jointly tackle climate change, he stressed.     All parties should, in keeping with the requirement of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Kyoto Protocol and the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities," actively conduct negotiations for the implementation of the "Bali Roadmap" and take effective policy measures in light of their respective conditions to mitigate climate change.     Third, exchanges and cooperation should be conducted and efforts joined to combat natural disasters, Hu said.     In order to increase exchanges and cooperation in disaster response in the Asia-Pacific region, China has put forward the APEC Principles on Disaster Response and Cooperation this year, he said.     "It is also our hope that APEC members will consider carrying out long-term cooperation projects in post-disaster recovery and reconstruction so as to deepen APEC cooperation in disaster prevention and relief," he added.     Fourth, regulation and guidance should be enhanced and corporate social responsibility strengthened, he said.     "An important lesson we have learned from the ongoing financial crisis is that while trying to maximize economic returns, enterprises should follow a prudent, well-thought-out and responsible approach in market operations," he added.     Fifth, APEC members should take coordinated actions and ensure world food and energy security, Hu emphasized.     "We should, following the principle of common development, actively and effectively coordinate our policies and resort to a variety of joint measures to safeguard world food and energy security," he said.     "We should establish and act on a new energy security concept that calls for mutually beneficial cooperation, diverse forms of development and common energy security through coordination," he added.     TACKLING FINANCIAL CRISIS     "The rapidly-spreading international financial crisis, with its extensive impact, constitutes the most severe challenge confronting world economic growth," Hu said.     It is a major and urgent task for all countries and regions to deal effectively with financial risks, maintain international financial stability and promote world economic development, he added, lodging three proposals.     First, to curb the worsening financial crisis, all countries should take prompt and effective measures, enhance macroeconomic policy coordination, improve information sharing, help each other as much as possible, and employ all necessary fiscal and monetary means to stop the spread and development of the financial crisis, bring stability to global financial markets, stimulate economic growth, minimize the damage of the financial crisis on the real economy and avoid a global economic recession.     Second, the international community should earnestly draw lessons from the ongoing financial crisis and, based on full consultations among all stakeholders, undertake necessary reform of the international financial system in a comprehensive, balanced, incremental and result-oriented way, with a view to establishing anew international financial order that is fair, just, inclusive and orderly and fostering an institutional environment conducive to sound global economic development.     "The reform of the international financial system should both reflect the general law and principles of financial regulation and take into account the specific development stage and unique features of different economies," he said.     It should seek a balance among the interests of all parties and reflects, in particular, the interests of emerging markets and developing countries, he added.     Third, from a long-term perspective, it is necessary to change those models of economic growth that are not sustainable and to address the underlying problems in member economies.     "We should also pay adequate attention to the impact of the financial crisis on the developing world and provide necessary support to relevant countries to help them maintain growth momentum," he pointed out. 　　APEC'S FURTHER DEVELOPMENT     On APEC's development, President Hu said China is ready to work with other APEC members to promote its further development.     Since its launch almost 20 years ago, APEC has done a great deal in promoting trade and investment liberalization and facilitation and economic and technical cooperation, thus making positive contribution to regional economic integration and the building of an Asia-Pacific family, President Hu said.     The host of major reform measures adopted within the APEC framework in recent years have improved APEC's organizing and coordinating capabilities and significantly enhanced the dynamism and efficiency of APEC cooperation, Hu said.     To promote the further development of APEC, "we should maintain the nature of APEC as a forum for economic cooperation and its approach of conducting cooperation on a non-binding basis, as this best suits the diversity prevailing in the Asia-Pacific," the Chinese president said.     He said that the APEC members should continue to promote balanced progress in economic and technical cooperation and trade and investment liberalization.     "In particular, we should increase input in economic and technical cooperation to enhance capacity-building in developing members and narrow the development gap."     Hu arrived here on Wednesday for a state visit to Peru and the Economic Leaders' Informal Meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC).     The APEC economic leaders' meeting opened in Lima on Saturday to discuss such issues as the ongoing global financial crisis, the Doha Round trade talks and food security.     The two-day meeting would also discuss the APEC regional economic integration, corporate social responsibility, human security, APEC institutional reform, trade and investment, structural reform, anti-corruption and transparency, economic and technical cooperation, and climate change.