第28个世界人口日活动方案范文

应届生实习报告

BEIJING, March 25 (Xinhua) -- China's top discipline supervision official urged state-owned financial institutions to step up anti-graft efforts while actively advancing financial reforms to contribute to the tackling of international financial crisis.     He Guoqiang, secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, made the remarks during his three-day inspection tour, from Monday to Wednesday, to state-owned banks and government financial regulatory bodies. He Guoqiang (1st L), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, shakes hands with a woman during his inspection of China Anti-Money Laundering Monitoring and Analysis Center in Beijing, capital of China, March 23, 2009. He Guoqiang inspected banks and financial institutions on March 23-25He, also a member of the Standing Committee of the CPC Central Committee Political Bureau, inspected China Investment Corporation, China Development Bank, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Agricultural Bank of China, Bank of China, China Construction Bank and the China Anti-Money Laundering Monitoring and Analysis Center.     He also listened to work reports from the People's Bank of China as well as banking, securities and insurance regulatory commissions.

BEIJING, Feb. 23 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping's just-concluded Latin American and European tour has strengthened bilateral ties, broadened consensus and boosted cooperation with these countries, a senior Chinese official said Monday.     Xi's two-week trip to Mexico, Jamaica, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil and Malta, as well as Fiji, where he made a transit stop, was pragmatic and fruitful, said Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Li Jinzhang.     SIGNIFICANT VISIT WITH FAR-REACHING IMPACT     Xi's visit to Latin America was a major Chinese diplomatic move since President Hu Jintao's trip to the region last year, said Li.     Last November, Hu traveled to Latin America for a visit that produced a broad consensus on forming a partnership of all-round cooperation with the region on the basis of equality, mutual benefit and common development. Earlier, China issued its first policy paper on Latin America and the Caribbean.     During his visit to the five Latin American nations, Xi further clarified China's policies on Latin America and stressed that China is ready to join hands with Latin American nations to further enhance cooperation and elevate China-Latin America relations to a new high, Li said.     In a speech at a seminar attended by Chinese and Venezuelan entrepreneurs, Xi raised a five-point proposal on strengthening the all-round cooperation for common development between China and Latin American nations amid the current global economic landscape.     Li described Xi's visit to Latin America as a follow-up action to push forward China's relations with the region.     The Chinese vice president's visit came before the Group of 20 summit scheduled for April in London to address the ongoing global financial crisis, Li noted.     During the trip, Xi called for a long-term perspective in planning and confidence building and urged a combination of promoting bilateral cooperation and ensuring the steady and sustained growth of China's economy. As a result, the visit has yielded remarkable results and a far-reaching political impact, Linoted.     Xi's visit highlighted China's efforts to work with these countries to tackle the financial downturn and turn the crisis into an opportunity, Li said.     Xi's trip brought him to mostly developing countries. During his visit, Xi stressed the need for developing countries to work together in tiding over the financial crisis, he said.     Xi and leaders of these countries reached broad consensus on joint efforts to achieve the UN Millennium Development Goals, tackle the challenges and seek common development, he added.     During Xi's visit, the governments and enterprises from these countries voiced their willingness to cooperate with China and welcomed China to trade with and invest in their countries and join them in exploitation of energy and natural resources and infrastructure construction. 　　VISIT TO GET ACROSS CHINA'S POLICIES ON KEY ISSUES     Xi's visit spanned three continents and two oceans. In every stop, Xi explained China's positions on key issues such as the international situation, the financial crisis, the upcoming G20 summit in London, the Doha round of trade talks as well as UN reforms.     He had in-depth exchanges of views with leaders of the host countries on enhancing cooperation and jointly tiding over the economic difficulties.     Leaders of the seven countries spoke highly of China's role in stabilizing the global economic and financial situation and promoting world peace and development.     Mexican and Brazilian leaders expressed readiness to beef up cooperation with China in international organizations and multilateral mechanisms and work together for a more fair and rational new international order, deal with financial crisis and win a greater say for the developing countries.     Colombian and Jamaican leaders appreciated China's contributions to stabilizing the world economy, saying the steady and relatively fast growth of China's economy will help other countries overcome financial crisis at an early date.     Xi also reiterated China's stance on the Taiwan and Tibet issues. The host countries all reaffirmed their adherence to the one-China policy.     The Chinese vice president welcomed the countries to participate in the Shanghai World Expo in 2010 and was given favorable responses by all. 　　FRUITFUL VISIT PACKED WITH SUBSTANTIAL ACTIVITIES     During his tour, Xi attended nearly 80 meetings, seminars, and other activities and held talks with leaders of the seven countries, exchanging views with them on bilateral ties as well as major international and regional issues of common concern.     He also witnessed the signing of over 60 cooperation documents in economy, finance, energy and mining, agriculture, infrastructure, high-tech and culture.     Xi held wide-ranging contacts with leaders of parliaments, political parties, regional leaders, and people from the media and academic communities.     Xi unveiled the first Confucius Institute in the Caribbean region, and broke ground for the Montego Bay Convention Center, a cooperation project by China and Jamaica.     Xi's visit uplifted China's relations with the seven countries, expanded their political mutual trust and strategic consensus, and deepened pragmatic cooperation, Li said. 　　BROAD PROSPECTS FOR FURTHER COOPERATION     Under the new consensus reached during Xi's visit, China and these countries will strengthen cooperation in trade, finance, energy and mining, agriculture, infrastructure construction, high-tech and culture.     The consensus laid a solid foundation for China and these countries to draw on each other's strength and achieve mutual benefit and win-win progress, Li said.     China and these countries are geographically far apart and have different social and cultural traditions, but their people have expressed an earnest wish to enhance friendship. Xi's visit served to push bilateral ties further forward, Li added.

BEIJING, March 16 (Xinhua) -- China's Ministry of Railways (MOR) signed a deal with state-owned vehicle producer CNR Corporation Limited (CNR) here Monday to purchase 100 high-speed CRH trains for 39.2 billion yuan (about 5.74 billion U.S. dollars).     CRH, an abbreviation for China Railway High-speed, refers to trains with speeds above 200 km per hour. With a designed speed of 350km/h, the new CRH trains will travel between Beijing and Shanghai in 2011, when the construction of the 1318-km, high-speed railway between the capital city and the country's financial hub is expected to complete.     "The contract does not include any foreign parties, as Chinese companies possess core technologies for the high-speed trains and have complete intellectual rights over the 350km/h CRH type," said Zhang Shuguang, director of the transport department under the MOR.     The MOR had introduced railway technologies from Japan, France, Germany and Canada in the development and production of the 200km/h CRH trains already in operation at present.     According to the agreement between the ministry and CNR, all 100 trains will be self-developed and manufactured under the CNR group. Tangshan Railway Vehicle Co. and Changchun Railway Vehicle Co., two CNR subsidiaries, will be in charge of the production of 60 sets and 40 sets, respectively.     Zhang said China would see "large purchases" of CRH trains in the coming years upon the completion of more passenger railway lines across the country.     The MOR has planned to spend 500 billion yuan to buy trains over the next four years.     "The purchases will provide strong support for related industries," Zhang said.     The manufacturing of a CRH train requires nearly 100,000 parts from a wide range of industries such as mechanics, metallurgy, electrics, chemical, and materials.     "We will buy more CRH trains this year as a move to help stimulate domestic demand," said Zhang without giving further details on the purchasing plan.

优化宝贝排名

PATTAYA, Thailand, April 11 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao, in an interview with Hong Kong and Macao reporters here Saturday, said that the Chinese economy showed signs of better than expected positive changes in the first quarter as a result of the economic stimulus package adopted by China.     Firstly, the domestic demand rose on a sustainable basis. Meanwhile, investment in fixed assets increased rapidly and consumer demand grew steadily and relatively rapidly. Although lower from the same period of last year, imports and exports grew on a month-on-month basis in the three-month period, Wen said.     This indicates that some sectors and enterprises in China are in a process of gradual recovery.     Secondly, industries above the designated size registered month-on-month growth, with a year-on-year increase of 3.8 percent in both January and February, and a year-on-year increase of 8.3 percent in March.     Thirdly, the purchase management index and the entrepreneur confidence index of the manufacturing industry both rose, indicating that the Chinese economy has begun to stabilize and recover in some fields, according to Wen.     And fourthly, the market confidence went up and the economy became more active over the first three months, with increases in both the stock market and housing market transaction volumes.     The positive performances in economic fields suggest that the policies adopted by the central government of China have been timely and correct, and have led to successes, the premier noted.     The premier was here to attend the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) related summits. The Chinese premier went back home late Saturday ahead of schedule, after the Thai government postponed the summits because of domestic political unrest.     The premier said we should see that China's economy is still facing very serious hardships, which can be attributed to the shrink of external demand and a relatively sharp fall in exports. This has negatively impacted export enterprises, export-oriented industries and export-oriented zones, and has resulted in decreases in business profit making, declines in financial revenues and heavier pressure on employment, he said.     As the international financial crisis is deepening and spreading, we should never lose vigilance, Wen warned.     As the crisis has not touched its bottom, we can hardly say that the Chinese economy alone has got out of the crisis. China cannot save the world, nor can it survive without the world, Wen said. What we should do is to exert our utmost efforts to minimize the effect of the crisis, he said.     When answering questions whether China will introduce additional economic stimulus plans, Wen said the government should now step up efforts to carry out the policies and measures of the existing stimulus package. The earlier they are put into effect, the more beneficial and active they will be, he said.     Firstly, it is imperative to release the additional investment for stimulating the economy that has been included into the budget.     Secondly, specific rules for reforming and reviving a total of ten key industries should be formulated as early as possible.     And thirdly, efforts should be made to speed up the development of the social security system, Wen said, adding that the national medical and health-care system reform launched in recent days, which has drawn international attention, should be implemented as early as possible.     At the same time, it is essential to closely follow up the changing economic situation at home and abroad, and hammer out new response plans whenever necessary, said Wen.     Priority should be given to strengthening social security, improving the people's livelihood and strengthening protection of the ecological environment, he said.     In response to questions about the trial of cross-border trade deals in the Chinese yuan, Wen said the central government has decided to test the program in the city of Shanghai, as well as four cities in south China's Guangdong province -- Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dongguan and Zhuhai.     Hong Kong and Macao will be included in the pilot program, and ASEAN members will become the first group of foreign countries to benefit from the scheme, Wen said, adding the regulatory documents governing the pilot program will be issued in a short time, Wen said.     The program will promote Hong Kong's trade development, and will help its enterprises, including those in the Pearl River Delta region and other areas in the Chinese mainland, to stave off the risks from exchange rate fluctuations, he said.     This will invigorate Hong Kong's financial industry and underpin its position as an international financial hub, he added.     Wen said that compared with developed countries, China, as a developing country, has undergone only a short period of time in its financial reform and development, lacking both experience and talented people, and there is also room for improvement in its financial system.     At present, China allows the yuan to become convertible under the current account and it will take a long time to realize full capital account convertibility for the Chinese yuan, he said.     Answering a reporter's question on whether building Shanghai into an international financial hub will rival Hong Kong's financial status, Wen said the Chinese central government has always paid close attention to the development of Hong Kong's financial sector.     "I noticed that most of the media in Hong Kong showed support for the decision to build Shanghai into an international financial center, but lingering worries still remain," he said.     Actually, the status of an international financial center is established not by a government decision but through market competition, he said.     "I have said years ago that Hong Kong's status as an international financial center is irreplaceable due to its unique geographical advantage, a long history of financial management, extensive channels of financial operation, a full-fledged legal system and a rich pool of financial expertise," Wen said.     However, Hong Kong's status as an international financial hub also meets challenges, he said.     He added that what is imperative for the time being is to enhance regulation, maintain the stable, healthy and sustainable development of its financial sector, and to make due support for its economy.     While developing the financial sector, Hong Kong should also spare no effort to tap the potential of its economic growth such as logistics, tourism, the health sector, science and technology, education, and high-tech industries, so as to lay a foundation forthe sustained economic development, he said.     Responding to a question about the recent police investigation into Hong Kong-listed conglomerate CITIC Pacific, Wen said the issue should be addressed in accordance with the laws and financial supervision regulations of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, and no interference from the mainland or other parties will be allowed.     Earlier this month, Hong Kong police searched the headquarters of the company, which reported huge losses from unauthorized hedging against changes in the exchange rates of Australian dollar last year.     After all the facts are clarified, serious lessons should be drawn from this incident, including the company's management and its supervision, Wen said.     On Macao's economic growth, Premier Wen said it has a unique economy powered mainly by its gambling industry.     As the region continues to develop its gambling industry, efforts should be made to promote the region's economic diversity based on its own reality, he said.     Macao's development is somewhat restrained due to its tiny area, but the central government is currently working on a long-term development plan of the Pearl River Delta to strengthen economic ties between Guangdong Province and Macao in an effort to promote Macao's development, said the premier.     Because of Thailand's domestic situation, the Thai government on Saturday postponed the ASEAN related summits scheduled for April 11 and April 12.     Wen said his visit to Thailand was designed to enhance the friendly cooperative relations between China and ASEAN and to make joint efforts with its members to tackle the global financial crisis.     The Chinese premier said he had been aware of the situation in Thailand before his departure for the country, and his insistence on attending the summits indicated China's sincerity in this matter.

BEIJING, March 14 (Xinhua) -- The following is the full text of the Report on the Work of the Government delivered by Premier Wen Jiabao at the Second Session of the Eleventh National People's Congress on March 5, 2009 and adopted on March 13, 2009:          REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT     Delivered at the Second Session of the Eleventh National People's Congress on March 5, 2009          Wen Jiabao     Premier of the State Council     Fellow Deputies,     On behalf of the State Council, I now present to you my report on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval. I also solicit comments and suggestions on the report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).          I. Review of the Work in 2008     The year 2008 was truly eventful. Our country's economic and social development withstood severe challenges and tests that were rarely seen before. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the people of all our ethnic groups faced difficulties squarely, worked with courage and determination, surmounted all difficulties and obstacles, and made new achievements in reform, opening up and socialist modernization.     - The national economy continued to maintain steady and rapid growth. GDP topped 30 trillion yuan, an increase of 9% over the previous year. Overall price rises were held in check. Government revenue was 6.13 trillion yuan, an increase of 19.5%. Grain output rose for the fifth consecutive year and totaled 528.5 million tons, a record high.     - Reform and opening up were further deepened. New breakthroughs were made in reforms in key areas and crucial links, such as the fiscal, taxation, financial and pricing systems and administration. Imports and exports totaled US$ 2.56 trillion, an increase of 17.8%. Paid-in foreign direct investment reached .4billion.     - Development of social programs was accelerated, and the living standards of the people continued to rise. A total of 11.13million more urban residents entered the workforce. Urban per capita annual disposable income reached 15,781 yuan, an increase of 8.4% in real terms, and rural per capita net income reached 4,761 yuan, up by 8% in real terms.     - Great victories were won in the fight against massive natural disasters. The Beijing Olympics and Paralympics were held successfully, and the Shenzhou VII manned space mission was a complete success.     These achievements signify that we have taken new and solid steps along the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics. They have greatly fortified the courage and strength of the people of all our ethnic groups to surmount difficulties and will definitely encourage us to bravely forge ahead on the new historical course.     Last year, we accomplished the following important work:     1. Making timely and resolute adjustments to macroeconomic policies and doing everything possible to maintain steady and rapid economic development     We maintained the right direction, focus, intensity and pace of macro control, and adopted a series of policies and measures to promote steady and rapid economic development. In a complex and volatile situation, we actively responded to the severe impact of the global financial crisis and worked hard to make our macro control more proactive, targeted and effective. In the middle of the year, when energy and grain prices on the international market were high, world economic growth slowed, and exports from and economic growth in China's coastal regions began to decline, we promptly shifted the priority of macro control to maintaining steady and rapid economic development and controlling price hikes, and adopted relevant fiscal, taxation and financial measures. In September, the international economic situation started to deteriorate sharply and its negative impact became increasingly felt in China. We again resolutely shifted the focus of macro control to preventing economic growth from slowing down too quickly. We implemented a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy. We raised export rebate rates three times, lowered the benchmark interest rates on savings and loans for financial institutions on five occasions, reduced required reserve ratios four times, suspended the individual income tax on interest earnings from savings, reduced securities transaction stamp tax rates, cut taxes and fees on housing transactions, and increased credit support to small and medium-sized enterprises. In accordance with the requirement that we act fast, be forceful, take targeted measures and stress implementation, we promptly introduced ten measures to further boost domestic demand and promote economic growth, and implemented them without delay. We adopted a succession of policies and measures to encourage financial institutions to support economic development, promote sound development of the textile and other light industries and the real estate market, expand consumption by improving distribution, maintain steady growth in foreign trade, and keep the employment situation stable. At the same time, we stepped up efforts to formulate plans for restructuring and revitalizing key industries. Together, these measures have played a crucial role in alleviating serious problems affecting economic performance, enhancing confidence, stabilizing expectations and maintaining steady and rapid economic development.     We continued to strengthen our work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers without any letup. Central government budgetary spending on agriculture, rural areas and farmers was 595.5 billion yuan for the whole year, a year-on-year increase of 163.7 billion yuan or 37.9%. This included 103 billion yuan, twice the figure for the previous year, in direct subsidies to grain producers, general subsidies for agricultural production supplies, and subsidies for superior crop varieties and the purchase of agricultural machinery and tools. We significantly raised minimum grain purchase prices three times, with the total increase exceeding 20%. We implemented a temporary policy for purchasing and stockpiling major agricultural products. We intensified the protection of arable land and the construction of agricultural water conservancy projects, and increased overall agricultural production capacity. We supported the production of hogs, oilseeds and dairy products. These policies and measures played an important role in maintaining and stimulating the enthusiasm of farmers, ensuring the supply of major farm products and increasing rural incomes, and provided strong support for maintaining overall stability in economic and social development.     We unswervingly promoted independent innovation and economic restructuring. We launched 16 major national science and technology projects, and established a number of new national engineering centers, key laboratories and enterprise technology centers in such fields as information technology, biotechnology and environmental protection. We successfully developed a number of key technologies and major equipment in the areas of regional aircraft, automobiles powered by new energy sources and high-speed railways. The central government invested 116.3 billion yuan in science and technology, an increase of 16.4%. Significant steps were taken in reorganization of the telecommunications and civil aviation industries. We continued to eliminate backward production facilities. Last year, we shut down small thermal power plants with a total capacity of 16.69 million kilowatts and closed 1,054 small coalmines. Investment in infrastructure and basic industries was increased, and a number of major projects in energy, transportation and water conservancy were completed or launched. Steady progress was made in implementing the master strategy for regional development, and economic development in different regions became better coordinated.     We steadfastly promoted energy conservation, emissions reduction and ecological and environmental protection. The central government allocated 42.3 billion yuan to support development of ten key energy conservation projects and environmental protection facilities. The daily sewage treatment capacity rose by an additional 11.49 million tons in urban areas, and desulfurization equipment was installed in coal-fired power plants with a total capacity of 97.12 million kilowatts. Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 4.59% from the previous year; chemical oxygen demand fell by 4.42%; and sulfur dioxide emissions fell by 5.95%. For the past three years combined, total energy consumption per unit of GDP dropped by 10.08%; chemical oxygen demand dropped by 6.61%; and sulfur dioxide emissions dropped by 8.95%. We built on the achievements in returning farmland to forests and restoring livestock pastures to grasslands, and carried out ecological conservation projects such as protecting virgin forests and developing the Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve in Qinghai Province. We implemented the plan to prevent and control water pollution in major river valleys and regions and issued the white paper China's Policies and Actions for Addressing Climate Change.     2. Balancing economic and social development and strengthening all aspects of social development with the focus on improving people's lives     Efforts were intensified to increase employment and improve the social safety net. We improved our policy to stimulate and expand employment by encouraging business startups, and enforced the minimum wage system. The coverage of all social security schemes continued to expand, with 17.53 million more urban workers subscribing to basic old-age insurance, 20.28 million more subscribing to basic medical insurance, and the unemployment, workers' compensation and maternity insurance steadily expanding to cover more workers. Pensions of enterprise retirees rose by 110 yuan per month per person. We launched trials to reform the basic old-age insurance system for employees of government-affiliated institutions. We actively explored ways to establish a new system of old-age insurance for rural residents and made steady progress in making social security available to rural migrant workers in urban areas and farmers whose land has been expropriated. We comprehensively improved the system of cost of living allowances for both urban and rural residents, and provided allowances to 66.19 million residents. We raised living allowances for low-income groups and university students in a timely fashion. Preferential treatment enjoyed by key entitled groups was increased substantially. We intensified efforts to develop low-income housing and renovate shantytowns, thus alleviating some of the housing difficulties of the low-income population. An additional of more than 48 million rural people gained access to safe drinking water.     Further progress was made in promoting fair education for all. Free compulsory education became available to all students, urban or rural, throughout the country, and all rural students receiving compulsory education obtained free textbooks. The standards for repairing and renovating school buildings in the central and western regions were raised, and the government allocated 3.25 billion yuan to provide heating to rural primary and secondary schools in the north. Development of vocational education was accelerated. The national financial aid system for students was further improved. The central government spent 22.3 billion yuan and local governments increased funding as well to assist more than 20 million students. Grants of 1,500 yuan per student per annum were given to secondary vocational school students from rural areas or needy urban families, benefiting 90% of the current student population in these vocational schools.     Steady progress was made in reform and development of the pharmaceutical and health care system. A total of 814 million people, accounting for 91.5% of the rural population, now benefit from the new type of rural cooperative medical care system. The number of selected cities participating in trials of the basic medical insurance system for urban residents increased from 88 to 317, and the number of participating individuals increased by 73.59 million to 117 million. Significant progress was made in developing a system of community-based health services in urban areas. We continued to expand the coverage of the reward and assistance system for rural families complying with family planning regulations, and implemented the "lower birthrate equals faster prosperity" program in more places in the countryside.     We accelerated the development of culture and sports. Public cultural infrastructure facilities were improved, the cultural industries developed rapidly, and reform of the cultural management system was constantly deepened. We mobilized all resources and hosted a distinctive and high-level Beijing Olympicsand Paralympics, thus fulfilling the century-old dream of the Chinese nation, and Chinese athletes competed hard and brave and scored excellent achievements in the Games. This greatly aroused the patriotism of all our people and strengthened the cohesiveness of our nation.     We continued to strengthen democracy and the legal system. The system of local-level democracy was further improved. Significant progress was made in enhancing law-based government. Last year, the State Council submitted eight bills, including a draft of the Social Insurance Law and draft amendments to the Law on Protecting Against and Mitigating Earthquake Disasters, to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for deliberation. It also formulated or revised 30 administrative laws and regulations. The Regulations on Making Government Information Public was fully implemented. The public security system for crime prevention and control was strengthened. We battled against secessionist and terrorist activities, protected China's national security and maintained social stability. Our work related to ethnic minority, religious and overseas Chinese affairs further improved.     3. Vigorously advancing reform and opening up and injecting fresh vitality and impetus into economic and social development     Institutional restructuring of the State Council was basically completed and that of local governments is progressing steadily. Comprehensive rural reforms continued to deepen, and reform of collective forest rights was instituted throughout the country. SOE reform was deepened. The transformation of the Agricultural Bank of China and China Development Bank into joint stock companies proceeded smoothly. The new Law on Corporate Income Tax went into effect, and real estate taxes were unified for domestic and overseas-funded enterprises and Chinese and foreign individuals. After years of deliberation, reform in pricing, taxes and fees for refined petroleum products was smoothly introduced. Aplan for reform of the pharmaceutical and health care system was devised and referred to the general public for comments. These innovations in systems and mechanisms have laid a solid foundation for our long-term development.     The country opened wider to the outside world. We vigorously implemented the strategy of competing on quality and diversifying export markets. We increased efforts to establish innovation bases to invigorate trade through science and technology and bases for providing services outsourced from other countries. We supported the export of products with Chinese trademarks and intellectual property rights. We improved the policy system for the processing trade. We steadily opened service industries wider to the outside world and provided more guidance to orient foreign investment in China. We integrated existing funds and set up new ones designed to promote external economic and technological cooperation. We promulgated regulations on managing overseas contracted projects and rectified the system of administration of cooperative overseas labor services. We actively promoted energy and resources cooperation overseas, further expanded our assistances to other countries, and the pace of enterprises going global was accelerated. Further progress was made in the development of free trade zones, and in our economic dialogues with major trading partners and mutually beneficial cooperation with other developing countries.          Fellow Deputies,     A massive earthquake that shocked the world struck Wenchuan on May 12. Under the firm leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, people of all ethnic groups in China, especially in the quake zone, worked as one and fought in unison against the earthquake disaster. The people's army rushed to the frontlines without thinking of their own safety. We launched an earthquake rescue and relief operation that accomplished its work faster, mobilized more personnel and committed more resources than ever before in China's history. We steadfastly gave top priority to saving people's lives. We pulled 84,000 survivors out of the rubble. We promptly repaired damaged infrastructure, and resolutely unblocked the Mount Tangjia quake lake to avert potential secondary disasters. We did our utmost to prevent an epidemic from occurring and ensured that there was no major outbreak of diseases after the deadly earthquake. The central government allocated 38.4 billion yuan for quake relief and 74 billion yuan for post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction. We promptly introduced a host of policies and measures to support the quake zone. We energetically organized one-to-one assistance to designated areas affected by the earthquake. People from all sectors of society in China made generous donations, both in cash and in kind; our compatriots in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan as well as overseas Chinese contributed generously to the disaster relief campaign; and the international community provided us with earthquake rescue and relief assistance. All this combined to forma boundless source of strength for the Chinese people to overcome the disaster. This hard struggle against the earthquake produced uncountable touching and brave exploits and fully demonstrated the great indomitable and unyielding spirit of the Chinese people, thus writing a heroic chapter in the history of the nation.     None of the achievements we made last year came easily. They were the result of overall planning and correct leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary, as well as the concerted and strenuous efforts of the whole Party, the entire army and the people of all our ethnic groups. On behalf of the State Council, I hereby express our sincere gratitude to the people of all our ethnic groups and to the democratic parties, mass organizations and people from all sectors of society. I also express our sincere thanks to compatriots in the Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions and Taiwan and to overseas Chinese, as well as to foreign governments, international organizations and friends in other countries that take an interest in and support China's modernization drive.     While acknowledging our achievements, we must be clearly aware that we face unprecedented difficulties and challenges.     First, the global financial crisis continues to spread and get worse. Demand continues to shrink on international markets; the trend toward global deflation is obvious; and trade protectionism is resurging. The external economic environment has become more serious, and uncertainties have increased significantly.     Second, continuous drop in economic growth rate due to the impact of the global financial crisis has become a major problem affecting the overall situation. This has resulted in excess production capacity in some industries, caused some enterprises to experience operating difficulties and exerted severe pressure on employment. Factors leading to decline in government revenues and increase in government expenditures have increased. It has become more difficult to maintain steady agricultural development and keep rural incomes growing.     Third, institutional and structural problems that have long hindered healthy economic development still remain, and some of them are still prominent. Consumption demand is insufficient, and development of tertiary industries is sluggish. Our capacity for independent innovation is weak. Consumption of energy and other resources is high. Environmental pollution is serious. Disparities in development between urban and rural areas and between regions are widening.     Fourth, some problems affecting the vital interests of the people have not been fundamentally alleviated. There are still many problems demanding urgent solution in the areas of social security, education, health care, income distribution and public security.     Fifth, order in the market is not well standardized; market oversight and law enforcement are not fully in place, and the social credit rating system is still in need of improvement. A number of serious and major incidents concerning food and workplace safety have occurred, which have inflicted serious loss of life and property on the people and taught us a sobering lesson.     We need to thoroughly appreciate how serious and complex the international and domestic economic situations are, be more mindful of potential perils and crises, fully exploit favorable conditions and actively respond to all challenges so that we can successfully accomplish all our tasks and prove worthy of the great expectations and trust conferred on us by the people.

BEIJING, April 10 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang said here Friday that the basic health-care system should be provided as a public service to the people to ensure and improve people's livelihoods.     Li made the remarks during a meeting on deepening the reform of the health-care system, stressing that the public health-care system should be conducted for public good and urging the gradual establishment of a basic health-care system to cover all Chinese citizens.     Carrying out the health-care system reform is of great significance to improving people's livelihoods and promoting social harmony, as well as boosting domestic demand and keeping a sound and rapid economic development, Li said.     The reform of the health-care system is a social systematic project, which is time-consuming, challenging and complicated, he said. By 2020, China should have a basic health-care system that covers urban and rural residents, Li pointed out.     Health-care reform in the next three years should be focused on relieving people from expensive and hard-to-get medical care, he said.     Li also said that reforms should be carried out in five areas, including providing universal access to basic health insurance, introducing an essential medicine system, improving primary healthcare facilities, offering equitable access to basic public health services and establishing pilot reform of state-run hospitals.

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BEIJING, March 12 (Xinhua) -- Overseas Chinese say they are pleased with the economic stimulus measures discussed at China's two top political conferences and think the proposals will provide a good road map for the future.     The two conferences, known as the "two sessions," are the Second Session of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC), which was to end Friday, and the Second Session of the 11th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), which closed Thursday.     Speaking of Premier Wen Jiabao's work report to the NPC, overseas Chinese in the Czech Republic said they are confident for the future development of their homeland.     Ni Jian, chairman of the Czech Council for the Promotion of Peaceful Reunification of China, together with others, said they were pleased as Wen said in his speech that China "must not slacken efforts" to promote its exports amid a sharp decline in external demand.     Wen said "We will continue to diversify our export markets and compete on quality, enhance traditional export markets, and energetically open up new markets," adding the government is to take a series of measures to relieve the difficulties of exporters.     Ni said the proposed measures lighten the way for Chinese business people abroad.     Hu Zhiheng, a Wenzhou businessman in Italy, said he was most impressed by Wen's remarks that the government will make efforts to "ensure steady growth in foreign trade."     As a matter of fact, China had already adopted a series of measures before the two sessions that included such things as raising export rebates, loosening credit, and abolishing or cutting customs tariffs, he said.     The overseas Chinese were mostly concerned with the economic policies released at the two sessions and how the government will be responding to the global financial crisis in order to maintain stable development, Luo Yuhong, chief editor of Capital News in Belgium, told Xinhua.     Lu Chengrui, head of the U.S. Shandong Association, said he holds high expectations for the two conferences, and hopes all of the plans can be implemented.     Zhan Aixia, head of the New York Beijing Association, said after reading the government work report that she expects her country to develop a stronger economy and intensify cultural exchanges with the United States.     In addition, Chinese students in Japan, Belgium and Italy also kept a close eye on China's development.     In Belgium, student Chen Fang said she was especially interested in issues concerning employment as she planned a career in China after graduation.     Wu Changbo and Chen Yao in Italy described Wen's work report as China's commitment to the world amid the economic crisis.     In the face of great challenges and difficulties, China still pledged an 8 percent economic growth, which they said has showcased the confidence of the country.     Wen's statement that put a priority on the employment of college students and the advancing of education were inspiring, they said, adding that they wish they could use the knowledge they have acquired abroad to serve the motherland after graduation.     Li Guangzhe, chief of the Chinese students' association in Japan, told Xinhua that the group cares most China's ongoing process of building a harmonious society and the role it plays in the world platform.     Li said he found the answers to those questions in the premier's work report.     The confidence delivered in Wen's report will give impetus to the development of the whole world and demonstrates that China is a responsible global power, he added.

BEIJING, March 26 (Xinhua) -- China's central bank governor has spoken highly of the government's rapid responses to the current global financial crisis, featuring decisively adopting a proactive fiscal policy and an adaptively easing monetary policy, and launching a bundle of timely, targeted and temporary policies and measures.     The prompt, decisive and effective policy measures adopted by the Chinese government demonstrates "its superior system advantage when it comes to making vital policy decisions," says Zhou Xiaochuan, president of the People's Bank of China (PBC), in an article entitled "Changing Pro-cyclicality for Financial and Economic Stability."     It is Zhou's third article published on the central bank's official website (WWW.PBC.GOV.CN) this week to discuss the issue of the current global financial crisis. His first and second articles, published on Monday and Tuesday, are entitled "Reform the International Monetary System" and "On Savings Ratio," respectively.     In the third article, the 61-year old central bank governor tries to find out the root causes for the current financial crisis, including but not limited to lessons on monetary policy, financial sector regulations, accounting rules.     The top Chinese banker says he wants to stimulate debate and discussions on some of the pro-cyclical features in the system, possible remedial measures, and how monetary and fiscal authorities can play their professional roles at times of severe market distress.     "Financial crises normally originate in the accumulation of bubbles and their subsequent bursts. Usually, economists pay a lot of attentions to pro-cyclicality on the macro level.     However, on the micro level, there are quite a number of notable pro-cyclical features embedded in the market structure today, which should be addressed as we deal with the current crisis and reform the financial system," he says.     Zhou suggests that in the current market structure, more counter-cyclical mechanisms or negative feedback loops on micro-level should be put in place to sustain a more stable financial system.     In the article, he notes that rating problems and herding phenomenon arise from outsourcing.     The global financial system relies heavily on the external credit ratings for investment decisions and risk management, giving rise to a prominent feature of pro-cyclicality, according to the central bank governor.     "Economic upswings produce euphoria and downturns generate pessimism," he says, "Many market players adopting ratings from the three agencies and using them as the yardstick for operations and internal performance assessments clearly result in a massive "herd behavior" at the institutional level."     Zhou points out that some market players seem to have forgotten that the ratings are no more than indicators of default probabilities based on past experiences but were never meant to be guarantees for the future, he says. "Once problems take place, as we have seen during the current crisis, fingers are pointed to the rating agencies," he says.     He suggests that financial institutions should try to rely more on internal rating in assessing risks.     He calls for giving full play to the professional role of authorities in maintaining overall financial stability and establishing a counter-cyclical mechanism for capital requirement     "To stabilize markets under severe stress, finance ministries and central banks need to act fast and apply extraordinary measures," he says, "Untimely or delayed response falls behind the curve and would make the outcome less than desired even if the response is correct and strong."     In modern Western societies, a prolonged political process for mandates to finance ministries or central banks often miss the best timing for action, Zhou says, adding, "We have observed such cases during the current crisis."     He suggests that governments and legislatures may consider giving pre-authorized mandates to ministries of finance and central banks to use extraordinary means to contain systemic risk under well-defined stress scenarios, in order to allow them to act boldly and expeditiously without having to go through a lengthy or even painful approval process.     "Such systematic pre-authorized mandates would put the specialized expertise of finance ministries and central banks to the best use when markets need it the most," he stresses.     The central bank governor attributes China's current success in easing the impacts of the crisis to the country's financial sector reform and ongoing macroeconomic stimulus measures     In 2003, fully aware of the systemic vulnerabilities of China's banking industry, the Chinese government made a courageous and strategic decision to restructure the four state-owned commercial banks, says Zhou, who took over as the PBC governor in late 2002.     In the article, Zhou gives a look back on the reforms of the country's major banks and security industry.     But he warns, "We should bear in mind that despite the notable achievements in banking reform, the major banks have not gone through a full business cycle and still have much to improve. An economic slowdown will be the ultimate stress test for the robustness of the banks' strengths."     According to the bank governor, irrespective of China's sound financial sector, the Chinese economy, especially the export sector, has felt the impact brought by the slowdown of the global economy.     He praises the Chinese government for its plans to stimulate domestic demand and promote stable and relatively rapid economic growth, including the extra investment of 4 trillion yuan (685 billion U.S. dollars) in over two years, the ten measures to revitalize the industrial sectors, and other bolster measures to increase money supply, promote employment, reform taxes and medical and healthcare system.     "Having taken the above-mentioned measures, China expect to maintain stable economic growth by boosting domestic demand and reducing dependence on external demand, thus serving as a stabilizing force in global economy," Zhou says.     In overall, the macroeconomic measures have produced preliminary result and some leading indicators are pointing to recovery of economic growth, indicating that rapid decline in growth has been curbed, he concludes.

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BEIJING, Feb. 25 (Xinhua) -- Senior members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) met Wednesday to discuss the agenda of the annual conference in March.     Jia Qinglin, chairman of the CPPCC National Committee and member of the Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Political Bureau, presided over the meeting of the Standing Committee of the 11th CPPCC National Committee. The fourth meeting of the Standing Committee of the 11th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) is held in Beijing, capital of China, Feb. 25, 2009During the three-day meeting, the senior political advisors will set an agenda for the Second Session of the 11th CPPCC National Committee, discuss and approve a work report of the Standing Committee of the CPPCC National Committee, and study a report on the handling of proposals put forward by CPPCC members at last year's annual meeting.     The CPPCC reflects China's "multi-party cooperation system" under the leadership of the CPC.     The CPPCC committees at different levels have representatives from different political groups, ethnic groups, and people of all walks of life.

BEIJING, Feb. 19 (Xinhua) -- China on Thursday again lodged urgent representations to the Russian Minister Counsellor to China in regards to the sinking of a Chinese cargo ship in Russian waters.     The Sierra Leone-flagged vessel named "New Star" sank off the waters near Russia's far-eastern port of Vladivostok on Sunday. Seven Chinese crew members were still missing.     China paid great attention to media reports that the ship sank after a Russian Coast Guard cruiser fired at it, said Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Jiang Yu in a news release.     Jiang said China had urged the Russian side to spare no efforts to help search for the missing crew members and make thorough investigations to find out the causes of the incident as soon as possible.     The Chinese embassy in Russia and consulate general in Khabarovsk also made representations to Russia at the same time, Jiang noted.     "Russia attached great importance to China's concern," said Jiang, adding that relevant Russian department is investigating the conduct of law enforcement agencies involved in the incident and will inform China of the results in time.